Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
		
    
        
        Nat. Neurosci. 16, 273-280 (2013)
    
    
    
	    Microglia are crucial for immune responses in the brain. Although their origin from the yolk sac has been recognized for some time, their precise precursors and the transcription program that is used are not known. We found that mouse microglia were derived from primitive c-kit(+) erythromyeloid precursors that were detected in the yolk sac as early as 8 d post conception. These precursors developed into CD45(+) c-kit(lo) CX(3)CR1(-) immature (A1) cells and matured into CD45(+) c-kit(-) CX(3)CR1(+) (A2) cells, as evidenced by the downregulation of CD31 and concomitant upregulation of F4/80 and macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor (MCSF-R). Proliferating A2 cells became microglia and invaded the developing brain using specific matrix metalloproteinases. Notably, microgliogenesis was not only dependent on the transcription factor Pu.1 (also known as Sfpi), but also required Irf8, which was vital for the development of the A2 population, whereas Myb, Id2, Batf3 and Klf4 were not required. Our data provide cellular and molecular insights into the origin and development of microglia.
	
	
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        Publication type
        Article: Journal article
    
 
    
        Document type
        Scientific Article
    
 
     
    
    
        Keywords
        Yolk-sac ; Transcription Factors ; Fractalkine Receptor ; Dendritic Cells ; Myeloid Cells ; Macrophages ; Brain ; Differentiation ; Heterogeneity ; Progenitors
    
 
     
    
    
        Language
        english
    
 
    
        Publication Year
        2013
    
 
     
    
        HGF-reported in Year
        2013
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        1097-6256
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1546-1726
    
 
    
     
     
	     
	 
	 
    
        Journal
        Nature Neuroscience
    
 
	
    
        Quellenangaben
        
	    Volume: 16,  
	    Issue: 3,  
	    Pages: 273-280 
	    
	    
	
    
 
    
         
        
            Publisher
            Nature Publishing Group
        
 
         
	
         
         
         
         
         
	
         
         
         
    
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
    
        Reviewing status
        Peer reviewed
    
 
    
        Institute(s)
        Institute of Virology (VIRO)
    
 
    
        POF-Topic(s)
        30504 - Mechanisms of Genetic and Environmental Influences on Health and Disease
    
 
    
        Research field(s)
        Immune Response and Infection
    
 
    
        PSP Element(s)
        G-551600-001
    
 
     
     	
    
        PubMed ID
        23334579
    
    
        DOI
        10.1038/nn.3318
    
    
        WOS ID
        WOS:000315474800009
    
    
        Erfassungsdatum
        2013-03-28