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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Concentrations and source contributions of particulate organic matter before and after implementation of a low emission zone in Munich, Germany.
Environ. Pollut. 175, 158-167 (2013)
Within the Munich low emission zone (LEZ), samples of PM(2.5) were collected before (2006/2007) and after (2009/2010) the implementation of the LEZ. The samples were analyzed for carbon fraction (EC/OC) and particulate organic compounds (POC). Significant lower concentrations were noticed for elemental carbon (EC) and some of the POC like vanillic acid, acetosyringone, syringylacetone and syringic acid after the implementation of the LEZ. Higher concentrations of levoglucosan, retene and O-PAH were detected in the second sampling period. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to identify the main sources of POC. Emissions from traffic, solid fuels combustion, cooking and mixed source were separated. The contribution of traffic source factor was decreased about 60% after the implementation of the LEZ. Thus the average concentration of EC from traffic factor decreased from 1.1 to 0.5 μg/m(3) after the implementation of the LEZ.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
low emission zone; pm2.5; particulate organic compounds (POC); positive matrix factorization (PMF); Positive Matrix Factorization ; Air-pollution Sources ; Source Apportionment ; Aromatic-hydrocarbons ; Molecular Markers ; Elemental Carbon ; Aerosol ; Combustion ; Urban ; Pm2.5
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0269-7491
e-ISSN
1873-6424
Journal
Environmental Pollution
Quellenangaben
Volume: 175,
Pages: 158-167
Publisher
Elsevier
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed