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Pestka, J.M.* ; Zeisel, M.B.* ; Bläser, E.* ; Schürmann, P.* ; Bartosch, B.* ; Cosset, F.L.* ; Patel, A.H.* ; Meisel, H.* ; Baumert, J.J. ; Viazov, S.* ; Rispeter, K.* ; Blum, H.E.* ; Roggendorf, M.* ; Baumert, T.F.*

Rapid induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies and viral clearance in a single-source outbreak of hepatitis C.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104, 6025-6030 (2007)
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In contrast to a detailed understanding of antiviral cellular immune responses, the impact of neutralizing antibodies for the resolution of acute hepatitis C is poorly defined. The analysis of neutralizing responses has been hampered by the fact that patient cohorts as well as hepatitis C virus (HCV) strains are usually heterogeneous, and that clinical data from acute-phase and long-term follow-up after infection are not readily available. Using an infectious retroviral HCV pseudoparticle model system, we studied a cohort of women accidentally exposed to the same HCV strain of known sequence. In this single-source outbreak of hepatitis C, viral clearance was associated with a rapid induction of neutralizing antibodies in the early phase of infection. Neutralizing antibodies decreased or disappeared after recovery from HCV infection. In contrast, chronic HCV infection was characterized by absent or low-titer neutralizing antibodies in the early phase of infection and the persistence of infection despite the induction of cross-neutralizing antibodies in the late phase of infection. These data suggest that rapid induction of neutralizing antibodies during the early phase of infection may contribute to control of HCV infection. This finding may have important implications for understanding the pathogenesis of HCV infection and for the development of novel preventive and therapeutic antiviral strategies.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords vaccines; pathogenesis; host reponses; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR-BI; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HYPERVARIABLE REGION-1; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; HEPARAN-SULFATE; TISSUE-CULTURE; CELL ENTRY; INFECTION; BINDING; PERSISTENCE
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0027-8424
e-ISSN 1091-6490
Journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Quellenangaben Volume: 104, Issue: 14, Pages: 6025-6030 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher National Academy of Sciences
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)