Binder, E.B.* ; Salyakina, D.* ; Lichtner, P. ; Wochnik, G.M.* ; Ising, M.* ; Pütz, B.* ; Papiol, S.* ; Seaman, S.* ; Lucae, S.* ; Kohli, M.A.* ; Nickel, T.* ; Künzel, H.E.* ; Fuchs, B.* ; Majer, M.* ; Pfennig, A.* ; Kern, N.* ; Brunner, J.* ; Modell, S.* ; Baghai, T.* ; Deiml, T.* ; Zill, P.* ; Bondy, B.* ; Rupprecht, R.* ; Messer, T.* ; Köhnlein, O.* ; Dabitz, H.* ; Brückl, T.* ; Müller, N.S.* ; Pfister, H.* ; Lieb, R.* ; Mueller, J.C.* ; Löhmussaar, E.* ; Strom, T.M.* ; Bettecken, T.* ; Meitinger, T.* ; Uhr, M.* ; Rein, T.* ; Holsboer, F.* ; Müller-Myhsok, B.*
     
    
        
Polymorphisms in FKBP5 are associated with increased recurrence of depressive episodes and rapid response to antidepressant treatment.
    
    
        
    
    
        
        Nat. Genet. 36, 1319-1325 (2004)
    
    
 	
    
	
	
	
		
		
			Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
		
     
    
      
      
	
	    Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FKBP5, GRIK4, and HTR2A genes have been shown to be associated with response to citalopram treatment in the STAR*D sample, but only associations with FKBP5 have so far been tested in the Munich Antidepressant Response Signature (MARS) project. Response and remission of depressive symptoms after 5 weeks of antidepressant treatment were tested against 82 GRIK4 and 37 HTR2A SNPs. Association analysis was conducted in about 300 depressed patients from the MARS project, 10% of whom had bipolar disorder. The most predictive SNPs from these two genes and rs1360780 in FKBP5 were then genotyped in a total of 387 German depressed in-patients to analyze potential additive and interactive effects of these variants. We could not replicate previous findings of the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study in our sample. Although not statistically significant, the effect for the best GRIK4 SNP of STAR*D (rs1954787, p=0.076, pcorrected=0.98) seemed to be in the same direction. On the other hand, the nominally significant association with the top HTR2A SNPs of STAR*D (rs7997012, allelic, p=0.043, pcorrected=0.62) was with the opposite risk allele. The GRIK4 SNP (rs12800734, genotypic, p=0.0019, pcorrected=0.12) and the HTR2A SNP (rs17288723, genotypic, p=0.0011, pcorrected=0.02), which showed the strongest association with remission in our sample, had not been reported previously. Associations across all genetic markers within the GRIK4 (genotypic, p=0.022) or HTR2A (genotypic, p=0.012) locus using the Fisher's product method (FPM) were also significant. In all 374 patients, the best predictive model included a main effect for GRIK4 rs12800734 and two significant interactions between GRIK4 rs12800734 and FKBP5 rs1360780, and GRIK4 rs12800734 and HTR2A rs17288723. This three SNP model explained 13.1% of the variance for remission after 5 weeks (p=0.00051 for the model). Analyzing a sub-sample of 194 patients, plasma ACTH (p=0.002) and cortisol (p=0.021) responses of rs12800734 GG (GRIK4) carriers, who also showed favorable treatment response, were significantly lower in the second combined dexamethasone (dex)/corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) test before discharge compared with the other two genotype groups. Despite large differences in ethnicity and design compared with the STAR*D study, our results from the MARS study further support both independent and interactive involvement of GRIK4, HTR2A and FKBP5 in antidepressant treatment response.
	
	
	    
	
       
      
	
	    
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        Publication type
        Article: Journal article
    
 
    
        Document type
        Scientific Article
    
 
    
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        Keywords
        GRIK4, HTR2A, FKBP5, interaction, antidepressant treatment response, affective disorder
    
 
    
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        Language
        english
    
 
    
        Publication Year
        2004
    
 
    
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        0
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        1061-4036
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1546-1718
    
 
    
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	    Volume: 36,  
	    Issue: ,  
	    Pages: 1319-1325 
	    Article Number: ,  
	    Supplement: ,  
	
    
 
    
        
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            Nature Publishing Group
        
 
        
            Publishing Place
            New York, NY
        
 
	
        
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        Reviewing status
        Peer reviewed
    
 
     
    
        POF-Topic(s)
        30501 - Systemic Analysis of Genetic and Environmental Factors that Impact Health
    
 
    
        Research field(s)
        Genetics and Epidemiology
    
 
    
        PSP Element(s)
        G-500700-001
    
 
    
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        Erfassungsdatum
        2004-12-02