Pfitzner, R. ; Gorzelniak, L.* ; Heinrich, J. ; von Berg, A.* ; Klümper, C.* ; Bauer, C.P.* ; Koletzko, S.* ; Berdel, D.* ; Horsch, A.* ; Schulz, H. ; GINIplus Study Group (Wichmann, H.-E. ; Heinrich, J.)
     
    
        
Physical activity in German adolescents measured by accelerometry and activity diary: Introducing a comprehensive approach for data management and preliminary results.
    
    
        
    
    
        
        PLoS ONE 8:e65192 (2013)
    
    
    
      
      
	
	    INTRODUCTION: Surveillance of physical activity (PA) is increasingly based on accelerometry. However, data management guidelines are lacking. We propose an approach for combining accelerometry and diary based PA information for assessment of PA in adolescents and provide an example of this approach using data from German adolescents. METHODS: The 15-year-old participants comprised a subsample the GINIplus birth cohort (n = 328, 42.4% male). Data on PA was obtained from hip-worn accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X) for seven consecutive days, combined with a prospective activity diary. Major aspects of data management were validity of wear time, handling of non-wear time and diary comments. After data cleaning, PA and percentage of adolescents meeting the recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA) per day were determined. RESULTS: From the 2224 recorded days 493 days (25%) were invalid, mainly due to uncertainties relating to non-wear time (322 days). Ultimately, 269 of 328 subjects (82%) with valid data for at least three weekdays and one weekend day were included in the analysis. Mean MVPA per day was 39.1 minutes (SD ±25.0), with boys being more active than girls (41.8±21.5 minutes vs. 37.1±27.8 minutes, p<0.001). Accordingly, 24.7% of boys and 17.2% of girls (p<0.01) met the WHO recommendations for PA. School sport accounted for only 6% of weekly MVPA. In fact, most MVPA was performed during leisure time, with the majority of adolescents engaging in ball sports (25.4%) and endurance sports (19.7%). Girls also frequently reported dancing and gymnastics (23%). CONCLUSION: For assessment of PA in adolescents, collecting both accelerometry and diary-based information is recommended. The diary is vital for the identification of invalid data and non-compliant participants. Preliminary results suggest that four out of five German adolescents do not meet WHO recommendations for PA and that school sport contributes only little to MVPA.
	
	
	    
	
       
      
	
	    
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        Publication type
        Article: Journal article
    
 
    
        Document type
        Scientific Article
    
 
    
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        Keywords
        Free-living Conditions ; Economic Costs ; Ill Health ; Children ; Inactivity ; Obesity ; Burden ; Update ; Validation ; Kiggs
    
 
    
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        Language
        english
    
 
    
        Publication Year
        2013
    
 
    
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        HGF-reported in Year
        2013
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        1932-6203
    
 
    
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	    Volume: 8,  
	    Issue: 6,  
	    Pages: ,  
	    Article Number: e65192 
	    Supplement: ,  
	
    
 
    
        
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            Publisher
            Public Library of Science (PLoS)
        
 
        
            Publishing Place
            Lawrence, Kan.
        
 
	
        
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        Reviewing status
        Peer reviewed
    
 
    
        Institute(s)
        Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
    
 
    
        POF-Topic(s)
        30503 - Chronic Diseases of the Lung and Allergies
    
 
    
        Research field(s)
        Genetics and Epidemiology
    
 
    
        PSP Element(s)
        G-503900-003
    
 
    
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        Erfassungsdatum
        2013-07-04