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13C/12C and 15N/14N isotope analysis to characterize degradation of atrazine: Evidence from parent and daughter compound values.
Environ. Sci. Technol. 47, 6884-6891 (2013)
Atrazine (Atz) and its metabolite desethylatrazine (DEA) frequently occur in the environment. Conclusive interpretation of their transformation is often difficult. This study explored evidence from (13)C/(12)C and (15)N/(14)N isotope trends in parent and daughter compounds when Atz was dealkylated by (i) permanganate and (ii) the bacterium Rhodococcus sp. NI86/21. In both transformations, (13)C/(12)C ratios of atrazine increased strongly (εcarbon/permanganate = -4.6 ± 0.6‰ and εcarbon/Rhodoccoccus = -3.8 ± 0.2‰), whereas nitrogen isotope fractionation was small. (13)C/(12)C ratios of DEA showed the following trends. (i) When DEA was formed as the only product (Atz + permanganate), (13)C/(12)C remained constant, close to the initial value of Atz, because the carbon atoms involved in the reaction step are not present in DEA. (ii) When DEA was formed together with desisopropylatrazine (biodegradation of Atz), (13)C/(12)C increased but only within 2‰. (iii) When DEA was further biodegraded, (13)C/(12)C increased by up to 9‰ giving strong testimony of the metabolite's breakdown. Two lines of evidence emerge. (a) Enrichment of (13)C/(12)C in DEA, compared to initial Atz, may contain evidence of further DEA degradation. (b) Dual element ((15)N/(14)N versus (13)C/(12)C) isotope plots for dealkylation of atrazine agree with indirect photodegradation but differ from direct photolysis and biotic hydrolysis. Trends in multielement isotope data of atrazine may, therefore, decipher different degradation pathways.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Anaerobic Biodegradation ; Enhanced Degradation ; Stable Carbon ; Fractionation ; Fate ; Soil ; Groundwater ; Mechanisms ; Deethylatrazine ; Mississippi
Language
english
Publication Year
2013
HGF-reported in Year
2013
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0013-936X
e-ISSN
1520-5851
Quellenangaben
Volume: 47,
Issue: 13,
Pages: 6884-6891
Publisher
ACS
Publishing Place
Washington, DC
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Groundwater Ecology (IGOE)
POF-Topic(s)
20403 - Sustainable Water Management
Research field(s)
Environmental Sciences
PSP Element(s)
G-504390-001
PubMed ID
23627882
WOS ID
WOS:000321521400022
Scopus ID
84880129001
Erfassungsdatum
2013-07-29