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    Development of land use regression models for particle composition in twenty study areas in Europe.
        
        Environ. Sci. Technol. 47, 5778-5786 (2013)
    
    
    
	    Land Use Regression (LUR) models have been used to describe and model spatial variability of annual mean concentrations of traffic related pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). No models have yet been published of elemental composition. As part of the ESCAPE project, we measured the elemental composition in both the PM10 and PM2.5 fraction sizes at 20 sites in each of 20 study areas across Europe. LUR models for eight a priori selected elements (copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), nickel (Ni), sulfur (S), silicon (Si), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn)) were developed. Good models were developed for Cu, Fe, and Zn in both fractions (PM10 and PM2.5) explaining on average between 67 and 79% of the concentration variance (R-2) with a large variability between areas. Traffic variables were the dominant predictors, reflecting nontailpipe emissions. Models for V and S in the PM10 and PM2.5 fractions and Si, Ni, and K in the PM10 fraction performed moderately with R-2 ranging from 50 to 61%. Si, NI, and K models for PM2.5 performed poorest with R-2 under 50%. The LUR models are used to estimate exposures to elemental composition in the health studies involved in ESCAPE.
	
	
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        Publication type
        Article: Journal article
    
 
    
        Document type
        Scientific Article
    
 
     
    
    
        Keywords
        Air-pollution ; Particulate Matter ; Escape Project ; Chemical-composition ; Pm2.5 Absorbency ; Health ; No2 ; Pmcoarse ; Size ; Pm10
    
 
     
    
    
        Language
        english
    
 
    
        Publication Year
        2013
    
 
     
    
        HGF-reported in Year
        2013
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        0013-936X
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1520-5851
    
 
    
     
     
	     
	 
	 
     
	
    
        Quellenangaben
        
	    Volume: 47,  
	    Issue: 11,  
	    Pages: 5778-5786 
	    
	    
	
    
 
    
         
        
            Publisher
            ACS
        
 
        
            Publishing Place
            Washington, DC
        
 
	
         
         
         
         
         
	
         
         
         
    
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
    
        Reviewing status
        Peer reviewed
    
 
    
        Institute(s)
        Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
    
 
    
        POF-Topic(s)
        30503 - Chronic Diseases of the Lung and Allergies
30202 - Environmental Health
 
    30202 - Environmental Health
        Research field(s)
        Genetics and Epidemiology
    
 
    
        PSP Element(s)
        G-503900-001
G-504000-001
 
     
     	
    G-504000-001
        PubMed ID
        23651082
    
    
    
        WOS ID
        WOS:000320097400035
    
    
        Erfassungsdatum
        2013-08-09