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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Spatial and temporal variability of source contributions to ambient PM10 during winter in Augsburg, Germany using organic and inorganic tracers.
Chemosphere 113, 263-273 (2014)
Daily PM10 samples were collected during a one-month sampling campaign from February 13 to March 12, 2008 at eight different sampling sites in Augsburg, Southern Germany. Source apportionment was performed to identify the main sources and related contributions by analysis of organic and inorganic tracers. Nine factors were separated comprising: solid fuel combustion, traffic-related emissions, secondary inorganics, and mixed sources. Spatiotemporal variation of the source contributions was evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and coefficient of divergence (COD). All factors (except hopanes and mixed sources) showed moderate to high (0.60.8) correlation coefficients between the eight sites and were distributed heterogeneously. Secondary sulfate and secondary nitrate factors were relatively more uniformly distributed (compared to other factors) with lower medians of COD value (0.47 and 0.56, respectively) and higher correlation values (r=0.97 and 0.85, respectively). The maximum daily average contribution for coal & wood combustion factor was observed at the LfU suburban site (4.0μgm(-3)); wood combustion factor at the LSW residential site (5.1μgm(-3)) ; diesel & fuel oil consumption factor at the Bifa suburban and BP urban sites (both 2.5μgm(-3)); road dust & tram factor at the KP traffic site (16.2μgm(-3)) and the BP urban site (6.6μgm(-3)); hopanes factor at the BP urban and Bifa suburban sites (both 0.7μgm(-3)); and de-icing NaCl factor at the KP traffic site (4.8μgm(-3)). Secondary sulfate and secondary nitrate factors had approximately similar contributions (6.2μgm(-3) and 4.3μgm(-3), respectively) at all sites. Mixed sources factor had the highest daily average contribution to PM10 mass at the KP traffic site (7.0μgm(-3)).
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
PM10; Spatial variability; Particle composition; Particulate organic compounds (POC); Positive matrix factorization (PMF); Source Apportionment; Particulate Matter; Air-pollution; Aerosol; Smoke; Emission; Markers; Carbon; China; Fuel
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0045-6535
e-ISSN
1879-1298
Journal
Chemosphere
Quellenangaben
Volume: 113,
Pages: 263-273
Publisher
Elsevier
Publishing Place
Kidlington, Oxford
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed