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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Early predictive biomarkers for postpartum depression point to a role for estrogen receptor signaling.
Psychol. Med. 44, 2309-2322 (2014)
BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression (PPD) affects approximately 13% of women and has a negative impact on mother and infant, hence reliable biological tests for early detection of PPD are essential. We aimed to identify robust predictive biomarkers for PPD using peripheral blood gene expression profiles in a hypothesis-free genome-wide study in a high-risk, longitudinal cohort. Method We performed a genome-wide association study in a longitudinal discovery cohort comprising 62 women with psychopathology. Gene expression and hormones were measured in the first and third pregnancy trimesters and early postpartum (201 samples). The replication cohort comprised 24 women with third pregnancy trimester gene expression measures. Gene expression was measured on Illumina-Human HT12 v4 microarrays. Plasma estradiol and estriol were measured. Statistical analysis was performed in R. RESULTS: We identified 116 transcripts differentially expressed between the PPD and euthymic women during the third trimester that allowed prediction of PPD with an accuracy of 88% in both discovery and replication cohorts. Within these transcripts, significant enrichment of transcripts implicated that estrogen signaling was observed and such enrichment was also evident when analysing published gene expression data predicting PPD from a non-risk cohort. While plasma estrogen levels were not different across groups, women with PPD displayed an increased sensitivity to estrogen signaling, confirming the previously proposed hypothesis of increased sex-steroid sensitivity as a susceptibility factor for PPD. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that PPD can be robustly predicted in currently euthymic women as early as the third trimester and these findings have implications for predictive testing of high-risk women and prevention and treatment for PPD.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Biomarkers ; Depression ; Estrogen ; Postpartum; Of-the-literature; Mood Disorders; Gonadal-steroids; Maternal Depression; Immune Activation; Responsive Genes; Risk-factors; Symptoms; Women; Pregnancy
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0033-2917
e-ISSN
1469-8978
Journal
Psychological Medicine
Quellenangaben
Volume: 44,
Issue: 11,
Pages: 2309-2322
Publisher
Cambridge Univ. Press
Publishing Place
New York
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed