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Open Access Gold as soon as Publ. Version/Full Text is submitted to ZB.
Long-term exposure to air pollution and cardiovascular mortality : An analysis of 22 European cohorts.
Epidemiology 25, 368-378 (2014)
BACKGROUND:: Air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular mortality, but it remains unclear as to whether specific pollutants are related to specific cardiovascular causes of death. Within the multicenter European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE), we investigated the associations of long-term exposure to several air pollutants with all cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, as well as with specific cardiovascular causes of death. METHODS:: Data from 22 European cohort studies were used. Using a standardized protocol, study area-specific air pollution exposure at the residential address was characterized as annual average concentrations of the following: nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx); particles with diameters of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), less than 10 μm (PM10), and 10 μm to 2.5 μm (PMcoarse); PM2.5 absorbance estimated by land-use regression models; and traffic indicators. We applied cohort-specific Cox proportional hazards models using a standardized protocol. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to obtain pooled effect estimates. RESULTS:: The total study population consisted of 367,383 participants, with 9994 deaths from CVD (including 4,992 from ischemic heart disease, 2264 from myocardial infarction, and 2484 from cerebrovascular disease). All hazard ratios were approximately 1.0, except for particle mass and cerebrovascular disease mortality; for PM2.5, the hazard ratio was 1.21 (95% confidence interval = 0.87-1.69) per 5 μg/m and for PM10, 1.22 (0.91-1.63) per 10 μg/m. CONCLUSION:: In a joint analysis of data from 22 European cohorts, most hazard ratios for the association of air pollutants with mortality from overall CVD and with specific CVDs were approximately 1.0, with the exception of particulate mass and cerebrovascular disease mortality for which there was suggestive evidence for an association.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Use Regression-models; Coronary-heart-disease; Particulate Matter; Escape Project; Cardiopulmonary Mortality; Pm2.5 Absorbency; Great-britain; Lung-cancer; Follow-up; Cohort
Language
english
Publication Year
2014
HGF-reported in Year
2014
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1044-3983
e-ISSN
1531-5487
Journal
Epidemiology
Quellenangaben
Volume: 25,
Issue: 3,
Pages: 368-378
Publisher
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publishing Place
Philadelphia
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
POF-Topic(s)
30202 - Environmental Health
30503 - Chronic Diseases of the Lung and Allergies
30503 - Chronic Diseases of the Lung and Allergies
Research field(s)
Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP Element(s)
G-504000-001
G-503900-001
G-504000-004
G-503900-001
G-504000-004
PubMed ID
24589872
WOS ID
WOS:000337313300007
Scopus ID
84898037753
Erfassungsdatum
2014-03-13