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Majithia, A.R.* ; Flannick, J.* ; Shahinian, P.* ; Guo, M.* ; Bray, M.A.* ; Fontanillas, P.* ; Gabriel, S.B.* ; GoT2D Consortium (Gieger, C. ; Hrabě de Angelis, M. ; Huth, C. ; Kriebel, J. ; Meisinger, C. ; Meitinger, T. ; Peters, A. ; Rathmann, W. ; Ried, J.S. ; Strauch, K. ; Strom, T.M.) ; NHGRI JHS/FHS Allelic Spectrum Project (*) ; SIGMA T2D Consortium (*) ; T2D-GENES Consortium (*) ; Rosen, E.D.* ; Altshuler, D.*

Rare variants in PPARG with decreased activity in adipocyte differentiation are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111, 13127-13132 (2014)
DOI PMC
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is a master transcriptional regulator of adipocyte differentiation and a canonical target of antidiabetic thiazolidinedione medications. In rare families, loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in PPARG are known to cosegregate with lipodystrophy and insulin resistance; in the general population, the common P12A variant is associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether and how rare variants in PPARG and defects in adipocyte differentiation influence risk of T2D in the general population remains undetermined. By sequencing PPARG in 19,752 T2D cases and controls drawn from multiple studies and ethnic groups, we identified 49 previously unidentified, nonsynonymous PPARG variants (MAF < 0.5%). Considered in aggregate (with or without computational prediction of functional consequence), these rare variants showed no association with T2D (OR = 1.35; P = 0.17). The function of the 49 variants was experimentally tested in a novel high-throughput human adipocyte differentiation assay, and nine were found to have reduced activity in the assay. Carrying any of these nine LOF variants was associated with a substantial increase in risk of T2D (OR = 7.22; P = 0.005). The combination of large-scale DNA sequencing and functional testing in the laboratory reveals that approximately 1 in 1,000 individuals carries a variant in PPARG that reduces function in a human adipocyte differentiation assay and is associated with a substantial risk of T2D.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0027-8424
e-ISSN 1091-6490
Journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Quellenangaben Volume: 111, Issue: 36, Pages: 13127-13132 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher National Academy of Sciences
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Genetic Epidemiology (IGE)
Institute of Epidemiology II (EPI2)
CCG Nutrigenomics and Type 2 Diabetes (KKG-KDN)
Institute of Experimental Genetics (IEG)
German Center for Diabetes Reseach (DZD)