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Tischer, C.G. ; Casas, L.* ; Wouters, I.M.* ; Doekes, G.* ; García-Esteban, R.* ; Gehring, U.* ; Hyvärinen, A.* ; Oldenwening, M.* ; Kerkhof, M.* ; Sunyer, J.* ; Standl, M. ; Thiering, E. ; Torrent, M.* ; Heinrich, J. ; HITEA Study Group (*)

Early exposure to bio-contaminants and asthma up to 10 years of age: Results of the HITEA study.

Eur. Respir. J. 54, 328-337 (2015)

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Inverse associations have been found between exposure to bio-contaminants and asthma and allergies. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess whether early exposure to bio-contaminants in dust is associated with asthma and allergy later in childhood among children from (sub)-urban areas. In subsets of three European birth cohorts (PIAMA: n = 553; INMA: n = 481; and LISAplus: n = 395), endotoxin, (1,3,)-β-d-glucan and extracellular polysaccharide were measured in dust from living rooms shortly after birth. Current asthma at 6 years and 10 years of age and ever asthma up to 10 years of age were assessed by parental questionnaires. Specific IgE levels at 8 years (PIAMA) and 10 years (LISAplus) were available. Adjusted, cohort-specific logistic regression analyses were performed. Higher endotoxin concentrations were positively associated with current asthma at 6 years of age in PIAMA (adjusted OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.07-3.58), but were inversely related with ever asthma up to 10 years of age in INMA (adjusted OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.94). No associations with asthma were found for LISAplus. No associations were observed with atopic sensitisation in all cohorts. All associations with (1,3)-β-d-glucan and extracellular polysaccharide were statistically nonsignificant. The suggested immunological mechanisms of early exposure to bio-contaminants with regards to asthma and allergy might be different for children growing up in (sub)-urban environments.

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