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Lutz, S.Z.* ; Staiger, H. ; Fritsche, A. ; Häring, H.-U.

Antihyperglycaemic therapies and cancer risk.

Diab. Vasc. Dis. Res. 11, 371-389 (2014)
DOI PMC
Open Access Gold as soon as Publ. Version/Full Text is submitted to ZB.
AIMS: This review is aimed at highlighting the potential mitogenic/tumour growth-promoting or antimitogenic/tumour growth-inhibiting effects of the main antihyperglycaemic drug classes. METHODS: We review and discuss the most current studies evaluating the association between antidiabetic medications used in clinical practice and malignancies as described so far. RESULTS: Metformin seems to be the only antidiabetic drug to exert protective effects both on monotherapy and also when combined with other oral antidiabetic drugs or insulins in several site-specific cancers. In contrast, several other drug classes may increase cancer risk. Some reason for concern remains regarding sulphonylureas and also the incretin-based therapies regarding pancreas and thyroid cancers and the sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors as well as pioglitazone regarding bladder cancer. The majority of meta-analyses suggest that there is no evidence for a causal relationship between insulin glargine and elevated cancer risk, although the studies have been controversially discussed. For α-glucosidase inhibitors and glinides, neutral or only few data upon cancer risk exist. CONCLUSION: Although the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood, a potential risk of mitogenicity and tumour growth promotion cannot be excluded in case of several antidiabetic drug classes. However, more large-scale, randomized, well-designed clinical studies with especially long follow-up time periods are needed to get reliable answers to these safety issues.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Keywords Diabetes ; Antidiabetic Therapy ; Insulin ; Malignancy ; Tumour Growth
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1479-1641
e-ISSN 1752-8984
Journal Diabetes & vascular disease research
Quellenangaben Volume: 11, Issue: 6, Pages: 371-389 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Sage
Publishing Place Edgbaston, Birmingham
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM)
German Center for Diabetes Reseach (DZD)