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Cai, Y.* ; Schikowski, T.* ; Adam, M.* ; Buschka, A.* ; Carsin, A.E.* ; Jacquemin, B.* ; Marcon, A.* ; Sanchez, M.* ; Vierkötter, A.* ; Al-Kanaani, Z.* ; Beelen, R.* ; Birk, M. ; Brunekreef, B.* ; Cirach, M.* ; Clavel-Chapelon, F.* ; Declercq, C.* ; de Hoogh, K.* ; de Nazelle, A.* ; Ducret-Stich, R.E.* ; Ferretti, V.* ; Forsberg, B.* ; Gerbase, M.W.* ; Hardy, R.* ; Heinrich, J. ; Hoek, G.* ; Jarvis, D.* ; Keidel, D.* ; Kuh, D.* ; Nieuwenhuijsen, M.J.* ; Ragettli, M.S.* ; Ranzi, A.* ; Rochat, T.* ; Schindler, C.* ; Sugiri, D.* ; Temam, S.* ; Tsai, M.Y.* ; Varraso, R.* ; Kauffmann, F.* ; Krämer, U.* ; Sunyer, J.* ; Künzli, N.* ; Probst-Hensch, N.* ; Hansell, A.L.*

Cross-sectional associations between air pollution and chronic bronchitis: An ESCAPE meta-analysis across five cohorts.

Thorax 69, 1005-1014 (2014)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess associations of outdoor air pollution on prevalence of chronic bronchitis symptoms in adults in five cohort studies (Asthma-E3N, ECRHS, NSHD, SALIA, SAPALDIA) participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) project. METHODS: Annual average particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PMabsorbance, PMcoarse), NO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and road traffic measures modelled from ESCAPE measurement campaigns 2008-2011 were assigned to home address at most recent assessments (1998-2011). Symptoms examined were chronic bronchitis (cough and phlegm for ≥3 months of the year for ≥2 years), chronic cough (with/without phlegm) and chronic phlegm (with/without cough). Cohort-specific cross-sectional multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted using common confounder sets (age, sex, smoking, interview season, education), followed by meta-analysis. RESULTS: 15 279 and 10 537 participants respectively were included in the main NO2 and PM analyses at assessments in 1998-2011. Overall, there were no statistically significant associations with any air pollutant or traffic exposure. Sensitivity analyses including in asthmatics only, females only or using back-extrapolated NO2 and PM10 for assessments in 1985-2002 (ECRHS, NSHD, SALIA, SAPALDIA) did not alter conclusions. In never-smokers, all associations were positive, but reached statistical significance only for chronic phlegm with PMcoarse OR 1.31 (1.05 to 1.64) per 5 µg/m(3) increase and PM10 with similar effect size. Sensitivity analyses of older cohorts showed increased risk of chronic cough with PM2.5abs (black carbon) exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Results do not show consistent associations between chronic bronchitis symptoms and current traffic-related air pollution in adult European populations.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Obstructive Pulmonary-disease; Term Ambient Concentrations; Use Regression-models; Respiratory Symptoms; Nonsmoking Population; Particulate Matter; Automobile Exhaust; Adults Sapaldia; Exposure; Health
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0040-6376
e-ISSN 1468-3296
Journal Thorax
Quellenangaben Volume: 69, Issue: 11, Pages: 1005-1014 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
Publishing Place London
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)