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Einsiedl, F. ; Schäfer, T.* ; Northrup, P.*

Combined sulfur K-edge XANES spectroscopy and stable isotope analyses of fulvic acids and groundwater sulfate identify sulfur cycling in a karstic catchment area.

Chem. Geol. 238, 268-276 (2007)

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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.

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Chemical and isotope analyses on groundwater sulfate, atmospheric deposition sulfate and fulvic acids (FAs) associated sulfur were used to determine the S cycling in a karstic catchment area of the Franconian Alb, Southern Germany. Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy provided information on the oxidation state and the mechanism of the incorporation of sulfur in FAs. During base flow ?34S values of groundwater sulfate were slightly depleted to those of recent atmospheric sulfate deposition with mean amount-weighted ?34S values of around + 3‰. The ?18O values of groundwater sulfate shifted to lower values compared to those of atmospheric deposition and indicated steadiness from base flow to peak flow. The reduced sulfur species (S- 1/thiol; S0/thiophene, disulfide, S+ 2/sulfoxide) of soil FAs averaged around 49% of the total sulfur and ?34S value in FAs was found to be 0.5‰. The formation of polysulfides and thiols in FAs in concert with a decreasing isotope value of ?34S in FAs with respect to those of atmospheric deposition sulfate suggests oxidation of H2S, enriched in the 32S isotope, with organic material. The depletion of ?18O–SO42- by several per mil in groundwater sulfate with respect to those of atmospheric deposition is, therefore, consistent with the hypothesis that SO42- has been cycled through the organic S pool as well as that groundwater sulfate is formed by oxidation of H2S with organic matter in the mineral soil of the catchment area.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords S cycling; Sulfur K-edge XANES spectroscopy; Stable isotopes; Fulvic acids

ISSN (print) / ISBN 0009-2541

e-ISSN 1872-6836

Journal Chemical Geology

Quellenangaben Volume: 238, Issue: 3-4, Pages: 268-276

Publisher Elsevier

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute of Groundwater Ecology (IGOE)