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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Effect of pyrochar and hydrochar amendments on the mineralization of the herbicide isoproturon in an agricultural soil.
Chemosphere 134, 528-535 (2015)
Carbon (C)-rich, solid products from pyrolysis (pyrochars) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC, hydrochars) are expected to reduce the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of pesticides as side effect of soil addition. To compare effects of different feedstocks (digestate, miscanthus, woodchips) and production processes (pyrolysis at 750°C, HTC at 200°C and 250°C), (14)C-labeled isoproturon (IPU) was applied at 0.75kgha(-)(1) to loamy sand amended either with 0.5% or 5% pyrochars or hydrochars, which was then incubated for 50d. Mineralization of IPU was measured as (14)C-CO2 released from soil-char composites. Pore-water and methanol extractable (14)C-IPU was quantified as well as non-extractable (14)C-residues (NER). Furthermore, C mineralization of pyrochars, hydrochars and feedstocks was studied to assess the relationship between IPU bioaccessibility and char decomposability. In pure soil, 8.1% of applied IPU was mineralized after 50d. This was reduced more strongly in pyrochar treatments (81±6% reduction) than in hydrochar treatments (56±25% reduction). Different feedstocks had no significantly different effect when 5% char was added, but their effect was significant and dependent on the production process in 0.5% amendments. Pesticide binding can occur by surface sorption as well as by diffusion and subsequent occlusion in micropores. The latter can be expected to result in high amounts of NER, as it was observed in the pyrochar treatments. Hydrochars were less stable than pyrochars and contained lower amounts of NER. Thus, in hydrochar amended soils, better accessibility of IPU to microbial degradation may be a result of full char decomposition within decades ensuring controlled pesticide degradation.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Biochar ; Hydrothermal Carbonization ; Pesticide ; Pyrolysis ; Sorption; Hydrothermal Carbonization; Black Carbon; Sandy Soil; Biochar; Sorption; Bioavailability; Pesticides; Desorption; Biodegradation; Phenanthrene
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0045-6535
e-ISSN
1879-1298
Journal
Chemosphere
Quellenangaben
Volume: 134,
Pages: 528-535
Publisher
Elsevier
Publishing Place
Kidlington, Oxford
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions (AMP)