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Beelen, R.* ; Hoek, G.* ; Raaschou-Nielsen, O.* ; Stafoggia, M.* ; Andersen, Z.J.* ; Weinmayr, G.* ; Hoffmann, B.* ; Wolf, K. ; Samoli, E.* ; Fischer, P.H.* ; Nieuwenhuijsen, M.J.* ; Xun, W.W.* ; Katsouyanni, K.* ; Dimakopoulou, K.* ; Marcon, A.* ; Vartiainen, E.* ; Lanki, T.* ; Yli-Tuomi, T.* ; Oftedal, B.* ; Schwarze, P.E.* ; Nafstad, P. ; de Faire, U.* ; Pedersen, N.L.* ; Ostenson, C.G.* ; Fratiglioni, L.* ; Penell, J.* ; Korek, M.* ; Pershagen, G.* ; Eriksen, K.T.* ; Overvad, K.* ; Sørensen, M.* ; Eeftens, M.* ; Peeters, P.H.* ; Meliefste, K.* ; Wang, M.* ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B.* ; Sugiri, D.* ; Krämer, U.* ; Heinrich, J. ; de Hoogh, K.* ; Key, T.* ; Peters, A. ; Hampel, R. ; Concin, H.* ; Nagel, G.* ; Jaensch, A.* ; Ineichen, A.* ; Tsai, M.Y.* ; Schaffner, E.* ; Probst-Hensch, N.M.* ; Schindler, C.* ; Ragettli, M.S.* ; Vilier, A.* ; Clavel-Chapelon, F.* ; Declercq, C.* ; Ricceri, F.* ; Sacerdote, C.* ; Galassi, C.* ; Migliore, E.* ; Ranzi, A.* ; Cesaroni, G.* ; Badaloni, C.* ; Forastiere, F.* ; Katsoulis, M.* ; Trichopoulou, A.* ; Keuken, M.* ; Jedynska, A.* ; Kooter, I.M.* ; Kukkonen, J.V.K.* ; Sokhi, R.S.* ; Vineis, P.* ; Brunekreef, B.*

Natural-cause mortality and long-term exposure to particle components: An analysis of 19 European cohorts within the multi-center ESCAPE project.

Environ. Health Perspect. 123, 525-533 (2015)
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BACKGROUND: Studies have shown associations between mortality and long-term exposure to particulate matter air pollution. Few cohort studies have estimated the effects of the elemental composition of particulate matter on mortality. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to study the association between natural cause mortality and long-term exposure to elemental components of particulate matter. METHODS: Mortality and confounder data from 19 European cohort studies were used. Residential exposure to eight a priori selected components of particulate matter (PM) was characterized following a strictly standardized protocol. Annual average concentrations of Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Potassium (K), Nickel (Ni), Sulfur (S), Silicon (Si), Vanadium (V) and Zinc (Zn) within PM size fractions <2.5 µm (PM2.5) and <10 µm (PM10) were estimated using land-use regression models. Cohort-specific statistical analyses of the associations between mortality and air pollution were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models using a common protocol followed by meta-analysis. RESULTS: The total study population consisted of 291,816 participants, of which 25,466 died from a natural cause during follow-up (average time of follow-up 14.3 years). Hazard ratios were positive for almost all elements and statistically significant for PM2.5 S (1.14; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.23 per 200 ng/m(3)). In a two-pollutant model, the association with PM2.5 S was robust to adjustment for PM2.5 mass, whereas the association with PM2.5 mass was reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 S was associated with natural cause mortality. This association was robust to adjustment for other pollutants and PM2.5.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Corresponding Author
Keywords Use Regression-models; Particulate Air-pollution; Great-britain; No2; Matter; Association; Areas; Metaanalysis; Stability; Dioxide
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0091-6765
e-ISSN 1552-9924
Journal Environmental Health Perspectives
Quellenangaben Volume: 123, Issue: 6, Pages: 525-533 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Research Triangle Park
Publishing Place NC [u.a.]
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology II (EPI2)
Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)