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Natural-cause mortality and long-term exposure to particle components: An analysis of 19 European cohorts within the multi-center ESCAPE project.
Environ. Health Perspect. 123, 525-533 (2015)
BACKGROUND: Studies have shown associations between mortality and long-term exposure to particulate matter air pollution. Few cohort studies have estimated the effects of the elemental composition of particulate matter on mortality. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to study the association between natural cause mortality and long-term exposure to elemental components of particulate matter. METHODS: Mortality and confounder data from 19 European cohort studies were used. Residential exposure to eight a priori selected components of particulate matter (PM) was characterized following a strictly standardized protocol. Annual average concentrations of Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Potassium (K), Nickel (Ni), Sulfur (S), Silicon (Si), Vanadium (V) and Zinc (Zn) within PM size fractions <2.5 µm (PM2.5) and <10 µm (PM10) were estimated using land-use regression models. Cohort-specific statistical analyses of the associations between mortality and air pollution were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models using a common protocol followed by meta-analysis. RESULTS: The total study population consisted of 291,816 participants, of which 25,466 died from a natural cause during follow-up (average time of follow-up 14.3 years). Hazard ratios were positive for almost all elements and statistically significant for PM2.5 S (1.14; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.23 per 200 ng/m(3)). In a two-pollutant model, the association with PM2.5 S was robust to adjustment for PM2.5 mass, whereas the association with PM2.5 mass was reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 S was associated with natural cause mortality. This association was robust to adjustment for other pollutants and PM2.5.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Use Regression-models; Particulate Air-pollution; Great-britain; No2; Matter; Association; Areas; Metaanalysis; Stability; Dioxide
Language
english
Publication Year
2015
HGF-reported in Year
2015
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0091-6765
e-ISSN
1552-9924
Quellenangaben
Volume: 123,
Issue: 6,
Pages: 525-533
Publisher
Research Triangle Park
Publishing Place
NC [u.a.]
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
POF-Topic(s)
30202 - Environmental Health
30503 - Chronic Diseases of the Lung and Allergies
30503 - Chronic Diseases of the Lung and Allergies
Research field(s)
Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP Element(s)
G-504000-001
G-503900-001
G-503900-001
PubMed ID
25712504
WOS ID
WOS:000357296200012
Scopus ID
84930532752
Erfassungsdatum
2015-04-05