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Borsutzky, S.* ; Kretschmer, K.* ; Becker, P.D.* ; Mühlradt, P.F.* ; Kirschning, C.J.* ; Weiss, S.* ; Guzman, C.A.*

The mucosal adjuvant macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 directly stimulates B lymphocytes via the TLR2 without the need of accessory cells.

J. Immunol. 174, 6308-6313 (2005)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
The macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) is an agonist of the TLR heterodimer 2/6, which exhibits potent activity as mucosal adjuvant, promoting strong humoral and cellular responses. Although B cells expressing TLR2/6 are potential targets, very little is known about the effect of MALP-2 on B cells. Studies were performed using total spleen cells or purified B cells from WT mice or animals deficient in TLR2, T cells, B cells, or specific subpopulations of B cells. They demonstrated that MALP-2 promotes a T cell-independent activation and maturation of B cells (mainly follicular but also B-1a and marginal zone B cells) via TLR2. MALP-2 also increased the frequency of IgM- and IgG-secreting cells, but bystander cells were required for IgA secretion. Activated B cells exhibited increased expression of activation markers and ligands that are critical for cross-talk with T cells (CD19, CD25, CD80, CD86, MHC I, MHC II, and CD40). Immunization of mice lacking T cells showed that MALP-2-mediated stimulation of TLR2/6 was unable to circumvent the need of T cell help for efficient Ag-specific B cell activation. Immunization of mice lacking B cells demonstrated that B cells are critical for MALP-2-dependent improvement of T cell responses. The knowledge emerging from this work suggests that MALP-2-mediated activation of B cells through TLR2/6 is critical for adjuvanticity. B cell stimulation by pattern recognition receptors seems to be a basic mechanism that can be exploited to improve the immunogenicity of vaccine formulations.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0022-1767
e-ISSN 1550-6606
Journal Journal of Immunology
Quellenangaben Volume: 174, Issue: 10, Pages: 6308-6313 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher American Association of Immunologists
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Pancreatic Islet Research (IPI)