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The role of toll-like receptors in the immune-adrenal crosstalk.
Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1088, 307-318 (2006)
Sepsis and septic shock remain major health concerns worldwide, and rapid activation of adrenal steroid release is a key event in the organism's first line of defense during this form of severe illness. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical in the early immune response upon bacterial infection, and recent data from our lab demonstrate a novel link between the innate immune system and the adrenal stress response mediated by TLRs. Glucocorticoids and TLRs regulate each other in a bidirectional way. Bacterial toxins acting through TLRs directly activate adrenocortical steroid release. TLR-2 and TLR-4 are expressed in human and mice adrenals and TLR-2 deficiency is associated with an impaired glucocorticoid response. Furthermore, TLR-2 deficiency in mice is associated with marked cellular alterations in adrenocortical tissue. TLR-2-deficient mice have an impaired adrenal corticosterone release following inflammatory stress induced by bacterial cell wall compounds. This defect appears to be associated with a decrease in systemic and intraadrenal cytokine expression. In conclusion, TLRs play a crucial role in the immune-adrenal crosstalk. This close functional relationship needs to be considered in the treatment of inflammatory diseases requiring an intact adrenal stress response.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Language
english
Publication Year
2006
HGF-reported in Year
0
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0077-8923
e-ISSN
1749-6632
Quellenangaben
Volume: 1088,
Pages: 307-318
Publisher
New York Academy of Sciences
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Pancreatic Islet Research (IPI)
PubMed ID
17192576
Erfassungsdatum
2006-12-31