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Open Access Gold as soon as Publ. Version/Full Text is submitted to ZB.
Long-term effects of elemental composition of particulate matter on inflammatory blood markers in European cohorts.
Environ. Int. 82, 76-84 (2015)
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have associated long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter with increased mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. Systemic inflammation is a plausible biological mechanism behind this association. However, it is unclear how the chemical composition of PM affects inflammatory responses. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between long-term exposure to elemental components of PM and the inflammatory blood markers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and fibrinogen as part of the European ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM multi-center projects. METHODS: In total, 21,558 hsCRP measurements and 17,428 fibrinogen measurements from cross-sections of five and four cohort studies were available, respectively. Residential long-term concentrations of particulate matter <10μm (PM10) and <2.5μm (PM2.5) in diameter and selected elemental components (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, zinc) were estimated based on land-use regression models. Associations between components and inflammatory markers were estimated using linear regression models for each cohort separately. Cohort-specific results were combined using random effects meta-analysis. As a sensitivity analysis the models were additionally adjusted for PM mass. RESULTS: A 5ng/m(3) increase in PM2.5 copper and a 500ng/m(3) increase in PM10 iron were associated with a 6.3% [0.7; 12.3%] and 3.6% [0.3; 7.1%] increase in hsCRP, respectively. These associations between components and fibrinogen were slightly weaker. A 10ng/m(3) increase in PM2.5 zinc was associated with a 1.2% [0.1; 2.4%] increase in fibrinogen; confidence intervals widened when additionally adjusting for PM2.5. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to transition metals within ambient particulate matter, originating from traffic and industry, may be related to chronic systemic inflammation providing a link to long-term health effects of particulate matter.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Escape ; Elemental Components ; Inflammation ; Long-term Exposure ; Particulate Matter ; Transphorm; Use Regression-models; Outdoor Air-pollution; Cardiovascular Mortality; Epidemiologic Evidence; Systemic Inflammation; Chemical-constituents; Pm2.5 Absorbency; Chronic Exposure; Escape Project; Fine
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0160-4120
e-ISSN
1873-6750
Journal
Environment International
Quellenangaben
Volume: 82,
Pages: 76-84
Publisher
Elsevier
Publishing Place
Oxford
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)