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Integrating phylogeny, geographic niche partitioning and secondary metabolite synthesis in bloom-forming Planktothrix.
ISME J. 9, 909-921 (2015)
Toxic freshwater cyanobacteria form harmful algal blooms that can cause acute toxicity to humans and livestock. Globally distributed, bloom-forming cyanobacteria Planktothrix either retain or lose the mcy gene cluster (encoding the synthesis of the secondary metabolite hepatotoxin microcystin or MC), resulting in a variable spatial/temporal distribution of (non)toxic genotypes. Despite their importance to human well-being, such genotype diversity is not being mapped at scales relevant to nature. We aimed to reveal the factors influencing the dispersal of those genotypes by analyzing 138 strains (from Europe, Russia, North America and East Africa) for their (i) mcy gene cluster composition, (ii) phylogeny and adaptation to their habitat and (iii) ribosomally and nonribosomally synthesized oligopeptide products. Although all the strains from different species contained at least remnants of the mcy gene cluster, various phylogenetic lineages evolved and adapted to rather specific ecological niches (for example, through pigmentation and gas vesicle protein size). No evidence for an increased abundance of specific peptides in the absence of MC was found. MC and peptide distribution rather depended on phylogeny, ecophysiological adaptation and geographic distance. Together, these findings provide evidence that MC and peptide production are primarily related to speciation processes, while within a phylogenetic lineage the probability that strains differ in peptide composition increases with geographic distance.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Language
english
Publication Year
2015
HGF-reported in Year
2015
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1751-7362
e-ISSN
1751-7370
Journal
ISME Journal
Quellenangaben
Volume: 9,
Issue: 4,
Pages: 909-921
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Groundwater Ecology (IGOE)
POF-Topic(s)
20403 - Sustainable Water Management
Research field(s)
Environmental Sciences
PSP Element(s)
G-504300-002
PubMed ID
25325384
Erfassungsdatum
2015-11-04