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Can we identify sources of fine particles responsible for exercise-induced ischemia on days with elevated air pollution? The ULTRA study.
Environ. Health Perspect. 114, 655-660 (2006)
Epidemiologic studies have shown that ambient particulate matter (PM) has adverse effects on cardiovascular health. Effective mitigation of the health effects requires identification of the most harmful PM sources. The objective of our study was to evaluate relative effects of fine PM [aero-dynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5)] from different sources on exercise-induced ischemia. We collected daily outdoor PM2.5 samples between autumn 1998 and spring 1999 in Helsinki, Finland. The mass of PM2.5 was apportioned between five sources. Forty-five elderly nonsmoking persons with stable coronary heart disease visited a clinic biweekly for submaximal exercise testing, during which the occurrence of ST segment depressions was recorded. Levels of PM2.5 originating from local traffic and long-range transport were associated with ST segment depressions > 0.1 mV, with odds ratios at 2-day lag of 1.53 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.19-1.97] and 1.11 (95% CI, 1.02-1.20) per 1 μg/m3, respectively. In multipollutant models, where we used indicator elements for sources instead of source-specific PM2.5, only absorbance (elemental carbon), an indicator of local traffic and other combustion, was associated with ST segment depressions. Our results suggest that the PM fraction originating from combustion processes, notably traffic, exacerbates ischemic heart diseases associated with PM mass.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Air Pollution ; Cardiovascular Disease ; Elements ; Soot ; Vehicle Emission
Language
english
Publication Year
2006
HGF-reported in Year
2006
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0091-6765
e-ISSN
1552-9924
Quellenangaben
Volume: 114,
Issue: 5,
Pages: 655-660
Publisher
Research Triangle Park
Publishing Place
NC [u.a.]
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
PSP Element(s)
G-503900-002
PubMed ID
16675416
DOI
10.1289/ehp.8578
Scopus ID
33646380627
Erfassungsdatum
2006-08-04