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Meckenstock, R.U.* ; Boll, M.* ; Mouttaki, H. ; Kölschbach, J.S. ; Tarouco, P.C. ; Weyrauch, P. ; Dong, X. ; Himmelberg, A.M.

Anaerobic degradation of benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 26, 92-118 (2016)
DOI
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are very slowly degraded without molecular oxygen. Here, we review the recent advances in the elucidation of the first known degradation pathways of these environmental hazards. Anaerobic degradation of benzene and PAHs has been successfully documented in the environment by metabolite analysis, compound-specific isotope analysis and microcosm studies. Subsequently, also enrichments and pure cultures were obtained that anaerobically degrade benzene, naphthalene or methylnaphthalene, and even phenanthrene, the largest PAH currently known to be degradable under anoxic conditions. Although such cultures grow very slowly, with doubling times of around 2 weeks, and produce only very little biomass in batch cultures, successful proteogenomic, transcriptomic and biochemical studies revealed novel degradation pathways with exciting biochemical reactions such as for example the carboxylation of naphthalene or the ATP-independent reduction of naphthoyl-coenzyme A. The elucidation of the first anaerobic degradation pathways of naphthalene and methylnaphthalene at the genetic and biochemical level now opens the door to studying the anaerobic metabolism and ecology of anaerobic PAH degraders. This will contribute to assessing the fate of one of the most important contaminant classes in anoxic sediments and aquifers.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Corresponding Author
Keywords Anaerobic Aromatic Metabolism ; Benzene ; Carboxylase ; Naphthalene ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Reductase; Reducing Enrichment Culture; Glutaconyl-coa Decarboxylase; Bacterium Thauera-aromatica; Stable-isotope Fractionation; Petroleum-contaminated Aquifer; Alkylsuccinate Synthase Genes; Dependent Sodium-pump; Old Yellow Enzymes; Benzoyl-coa; Naphthalene Degradation
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1464-1801
e-ISSN 1660-2412
Journal Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology
Quellenangaben Volume: 26, Issue: 1-3, Pages: 92-118 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Karger
Publishing Place Basel
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Groundwater Ecology (IGOE)