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Soares, M.L.* ; Torres-Padilla, M.E.*

Temporal and tissue-specific control of gene expression in the peri-implantation mouse embryo through electroporation of dsRNA.

In: Electroporation and Sonoporation in Developmental Biology. Tokyo: Springer, 2009. 179-200
DOI
The delivery of nucleic acids into embryos -- either DNA molecules for transient expression or double-stranded RNA for gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) -- remains a challenging aspect of functional studies on live organisms. Electroporation has long been a standard method for the active transfer of the nega tively charged nucleic acids into mammalian cells (Andreason and Evans, 1988). This technique employs electric pulses to create transient pores in the cytoplasmic membrane through which the nucleic acids are actively delivered. It was not until the conditions for culture of whole embryos became consistent, however, that it has been applied successfully for transfection of mouse concepti. Nucleic acids delivery by electroporation has been achieved at various stages of mouse embryonic development. Conditions for successful electroporation in pre implantation stages have been established and optimized allowing whole-embryo tar geting of zygotes, morulae and blastocysts (Grabarek et al., 2002; Soares et al., 2005). Post-implantation embryos have undergone the procedure from as early as embryonic day (E) 5.25 up to E13.0 (Calegari et al., 2002; Mellitzer et al., 2002; Holm et al., 2007; Soares et al., 2008). This temporal specificity is particularly useful when study ing signaling pathways at work within relatively small time windows in development. In early post-implantation development, for instance, just before gastrulation, signal ing events shaping the establishment of the body axes of the mouse conceptus have been studied by temporal-specific electroporation of dsRNA (Soares et al., 2008).
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Publication type Article: Edited volume or book chapter
Corresponding Author
ISBN 9784431094265
Book Volume Title Electroporation and Sonoporation in Developmental Biology
Quellenangaben Volume: , Issue: , Pages: 179-200 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Springer
Publishing Place Tokyo
Non-patent literature Publications
Institute(s) Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells (IES)