PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München: Pollen derived low molecular compounds enhance the human allergen specific immune response <em>in vivo</em>.

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Gilles-Stein, S. ; Beck, I. ; Chaker, A. ; Bas, M.* ; McIntyre, M.* ; Cifuentes, L.* ; Petersen, A.* ; Gutermuth, J. ; Schmidt-Weber, C.B. ; Behrendt, H. ; Traidl-Hoffmann, C.

Pollen derived low molecular compounds enhance the human allergen specific immune response in vivo.

Clin. Exp. Allergy 46, 1355-1365 (2016)

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BACKGROUND: Besides allergens, pollen release bioactive, low molecular weight compounds that modulate and stimulate allergic reactions. Clinical relevance of these substances hasn't been investigated to date. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the effect of a non-allergenic, low molecular weight factors from aqueous birch pollen extracts (Bet-APE<3kDa) on the human allergic immune response in vivo. METHODS: Birch and grass pollen allergic individuals underwent skin prick testing with allergen alone, allergen plus Bet-APE<3kDa, or allergen plus pre-identified candidate substances from low molecular pollen fraction. Nasal allergen challenges were performed in non-atopic and pollen allergic individuals using a 3 day repeated threshold challenge battery. Subjects were either exposed to allergen alone or to allergen plus Bet-APE<3kDa. Local cytokine levels, nasal secretion weights, nasal congestion and symptom scores were determined. RESULTS: Skin prick test reactions to pollen elicited larger wheals when allergens were tested together with the low molecular weight compounds from pollen. Similar results were obtained with candidate pollen-associated lipid mediators. In nasal lining fluids of allergic patients challenged with allergen plus Bet-APE<3kDa, IL-8 and IgE was significantly increased as compared to allergen-only challenged patients. These patients also produced increased amounts of total nasal secretion and reported more severe rhinorrhea than the allergen-only challenged group. CONCLUSIONS: Low molecular compounds from pollen enhance the allergen specific immune response in the skin and nose. They are therefore of potential clinical relevance in allergic patients.

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