Persistent organic pollutants in shallow percolated water of the Alps Karst system (Zugspitze summit, Germany).
    
    
        
    
    
        
        Sci. Total Environ. 579, 1269-1281 (2017)
    
    
    
      
      
	
	    In the German Calcareous Alps at the Zugspitze, percolated water close to a permafrost bedrock in a tunnel system was monitored long-term for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and 28 organochlorine pesticides (OCP). Semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMD) were deployed in a temporary surface water system at the Zugspitze plateau and analysed for PCB, PAH, and OCP. The high-volume water sampling was successfully implemented and all compounds were identified in the water percolated through the Karst system. However, the percentage distribution of contaminants in the percolated water differed significantly from that found in surface waters. The highest chlorinated PCDD homologues were the predominant compounds of the PCDD/F family, whereas percentages of PCB #52 increased in percolated water. Toxic equivalent values (TEQ) of samples ranged from 2.0 to 4.2pgTEQ/m3 and from 0.017 to 0.069pgTEQ/m3 for PCDD/F and PCB, respectively. Low and intermediate molecular weight PAH were the prevailing compounds in the samples. Endosulfan sulfate, endrin, and cis-heptachlor epoxide were enhanced after water percolation through the Karst system in comparison with the surface waters (wet deposition). The relative enrichment on these pesticides was related to the environmental bedrock conditions and glacier melting sources. In summary, the Karst system highly influenced the fate of organic persistent pollutants generating different chemical patterns in their percolated waters than those found at the surface systems.
	
	
	    
	
       
      
	
	    
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        Publication type
        Article: Journal article
    
 
    
        Document type
        Scientific Article
    
 
    
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        Keywords
        Dioxins ; Groundwater ; Karst System ; Organochlorine Pesticides ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls;  Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Chemical Property Data; Polycyclic Aromatic-hydrocarbons; Dibenzo-p-dioxins; Organochlorine Pesticides; Melting Glaciers; Natural-waters; Ground-water; Endosulfan; Compilation; Selection
    
 
    
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        Language
        english
    
 
    
        Publication Year
        2017
    
 
    
        Prepublished in Year
        2016
    
 
    
        HGF-reported in Year
        2016
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        0048-9697
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1879-1026
    
 
    
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	    Volume: 579,  
	    Issue: ,  
	    Pages: 1269-1281 
	    Article Number: ,  
	    Supplement: ,  
	
    
 
    
        
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            Publisher
            Elsevier
        
 
        
            Publishing Place
            Amsterdam
        
 
	
        
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        Reviewing status
        Peer reviewed
    
 
     
    
        POF-Topic(s)
        30202 - Environmental Health
    
 
    
        Research field(s)
        Environmental Sciences
    
 
    
        PSP Element(s)
        G-509100-001
    
 
    
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        Erfassungsdatum
        2016-12-31