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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Alpha-gal is a possible target of IgE-mediated reactivity to antivenom.
Allergy 72, 764-771 (2016)
BACKGROUND: Antivenoms are mammalian immunoglobulins with the ability to neutralize snake venom components and to mitigate the progression of toxic effects. Immediate hypersensitivity to antivenoms often occurs during the first administration of these heterologous antibodies. A comparable clinical situation occurred after introduction of cetuximab, a chimeric mouse-human antibody, for cancer treatment. The carbohydrate epitope galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose, located on the Fab region of cetuximab, was identified as the target responsible for IgE reactivity. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether serum IgE antibodies directed to the α-gal epitope are associated with hypersensitivity to equine antivenoms. METHODS: Antivenoms were screened for α-gal epitopes via immunoblot and in comparison with cetuximab and pork kidney by IgE reactivity assays. Basophil activation tests were used to investigate reactivity to antivenoms in samples from 20 patients with specific IgE antibodies to α-gal and 10 controls. Additional IgE detection, IgE inhibition, ImmunoCAP inhibition, and skin prick tests were performed using samples from selected patients. RESULTS: Both antivenoms and cetuximab induced positive skin prick test results in patients with sIgE to α-gal. Alpha-gal epitopes were detected by immunoblotting on antivenoms. Measurements of IgE reactivity and ImmunoCAP inhibition indicated that the antivenoms contained lower α-gal contents than cetuximab. Deglycosylation assays and IgE inhibition tests confirmed that IgE-mediated reactivity to antivenom is associated with α-gal. Antivenoms, pork kidney, and cetuximab activated basophils from patients with IgE to α-gal. CONCLUSION: Alpha-gal is a potential target of IgE-mediated reactivity to equine antivenom and a possible cause of the high incidence of hypersensitivity reactions during the first application of equine antivenom.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
anaphylaxis; antivenom; basophil activation test; snake venom; α-gal; Mass-spectrometry; Adverse-reactions; Meat Allergy; Tick Bites; Anti-gal; Cat Iga; Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose; Cetuximab; Sensitization; Anaphylaxis
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0105-4538
e-ISSN
1398-9995
Journal
Allergy
Quellenangaben
Volume: 72,
Issue: 5,
Pages: 764-771
Publisher
Wiley
Publishing Place
Hoboken
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute for Allergy Research (IAF)