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Brain repair from intrinsic cell sources: Turning reactive glia into neurons.
Prog. Brain. Res. 230, 69-97 (2017)
The replacement of lost neurons in the brain due to injury or disease holds great promise for the treatment of neurological disorders. However, logistical and ethical hurdles in obtaining and maintaining viable cells for transplantation have proven difficult to overcome. In vivo reprogramming offers an alternative, to bypass many of the restrictions associated with an exogenous cell source as it relies on a source of cells already present in the brain. Recent studies have demonstrated the possibility to target and reprogram glial cells into functional neurons with high efficiency in the murine brain, using virally delivered transcription factors. In this chapter, we explore the different populations of glial cells, how they react to injury and how they can be exploited for reprogramming purposes. Further, we review the most significant publications and how they have contributed to the understanding of key aspects in direct reprogramming needed to take into consideration, like timing, cell type targeted, and regional differences. Finally, we discuss future challenges and what remains to be explored in order to determine the potential of in vivo reprogramming for future brain repair.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Brain Repair ; Direct Neuronal Reprogramming ; Glial Cells ; In Vivo Reprogramming ; Ng2 Glia ; Reactive Astrocytes; Central-nervous-system; Endogenous Neural Progenitors; Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Adult Cerebral-cortex; Spinal-cord-injury; Vivo Gene Delivery; In-vivo; Direct Conversion; Human Fibroblasts; Stem-cells
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0079-6123
e-ISSN
1875-7855
Journal
Progress in Brain Research
Quellenangaben
Volume: 230,
Pages: 69-97
Publisher
Elsevier
Publishing Place
Amsterdam
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Stem Cell Research (ISF)