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More than 2500 years of oil exposure shape sediment microbiomes with the potential for syntrophic degradation of hydrocarbons linked to methanogenesis.
Microbiome 5, 118:118 (2017)
BACKGROUND: Natural oil seeps offer the opportunity to study the adaptation of ecosystems and the associated microbiota to long-term oil exposure. In the current study, we investigated a land-to-sea transition ecosystem called "Keri Lake" in Zakynthos Island, Greece. This ecosystem is unique due to asphalt oil springs found at several sites, a phenomenon already reported 2500 years ago. Sediment microbiomes at Keri Lake were studied, and their structure and functional potential were compared to other ecosystems with oil exposure histories of various time periods.RESULTS: Replicate sediment cores (up to 3-m depth) were retrieved from one site exposed to oil as well as a non-exposed control site. Samples from three different depths were subjected to chemical analysis and metagenomic shotgun sequencing. At the oil-exposed site, we observed high amounts of asphalt oil compounds and a depletion of sulfate compared to the non-exposed control site. The numbers of reads assigned to genes involved in the anaerobic degradation of hydrocarbons were similar between the two sites. The numbers of denitrifiers and sulfate reducers were clearly lower in the samples from the oil-exposed site, while a higher abundance of methanogens was detected compared to the non-exposed site. Higher abundances of the genes of methanogenesis were also observed in the metagenomes from other ecosystems with a long history of oil exposure, compared to short-term exposed environments.CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of Keri Lake metagenomes revealed that microbiomes in the oil-exposed sediment have a higher potential for methanogenesis over denitrification/sulfate reduction, compared to those in the non-exposed site. Comparison with metagenomes from various oil-impacted environments suggests that syntrophic interactions of hydrocarbon degraders with methanogens are favored in the ecosystems with a long-term presence of oil.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Anaerobic Degradation Of Hydrocarbons ; Asphalt Oil ; Keri Lake ; Long-term Exposure ; Metagenomic Shotgun Sequencing ; Methanogenesis ; Syntrophic Interactions; Anaerobic Benzene Degradation; Gulf-of-mexico; Crude-oil; Denitrifying Bacterium; Western Greece; Petroleum Reservoirs; Metagenomic Analysis; Toluene Metabolism; Aromatic-compounds; Zakynthos Island
ISSN (print) / ISBN
2049-2618
e-ISSN
2049-2618
Journal
Microbiome
Quellenangaben
Volume: 5,
Issue: 1,
Pages: 118
Article Number: 118
Publisher
BioMed Central
Publishing Place
London
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI)