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Orth, M. ; Unger, K. ; Schoetz, U. ; Belka, C. ; Lauber, K.

Taxane-mediated radiosensitization derives from chromosomal missegregation on tripolar mitotic spindles orchestrated by AURKA and TPX2.

Oncogene 37, 52-62 (2018)
Publ. Version/Full Text Research data DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Taxane-based radiochemotherapy is a central treatment option for various cancer entities in locally advanced stages. The therapeutic synergism of this combined modality approach due to taxane-mediated radiosensitization of cancer cells is well-known. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive, and mechanism-derived predictive markers of taxane-based radiochemotherapy are currently not available. Here, we show that clinically relevant doses of Paclitaxel, the prototype taxane, stimulate a tripolar mode of mitosis leading to chromosomal missegregation and aneuploidization rather than interfering with cell cycle progression. This distinct mitotic phenotype was interlinked with Paclitaxel-mediated radiosensitization via overexpression of mitotic Aurora kinase A (AURKA) and its cofactor TPX2 whose knockdown rescued the bipolar mode of cell division and largely attenuated the radiosensitizing effects of Paclitaxel. In the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) lung adenocarcinoma cohort, high expression levels of AURKA and TPX2 were associated with specifically improved overall survival upon taxane-based radiochemotherapy, but not in case of non-taxane-based radiochemotherapy, chemo- or radiotherapy only. Thus, our data provide insights into Paclitaxel-mediated radiosensitization on a mechanistic and molecular level and identify AURKA and TPX2 as the first potential mechanism-based, predictive markers of taxane-based radiochemotherapy.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Pancreatic-cancer Cells; X-ray-sensitivity; Kinase Aurora-a; Lung-cancer; Induction Chemotherapy; Radiation Sensitizer; Clonogenic Survival; Colorectal-cancer; Tumor-growth; Hela-cells
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0950-9232
e-ISSN 0950-9232
Journal Oncogene
Quellenangaben Volume: 37, Issue: 1, Pages: 52-62 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Nature Publishing Group
Publishing Place London
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) CCG Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer (KKG-KRT)
Translational Metabolic Oncology (TMO)