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Zankl, M. ; Becker, J. ; Lee, C.* ; Bolch, W.E.* ; Yeom, Y.S.* ; Kim, C.H.*

Computational phantoms, ICRP/ICRU and further developments.

In:. Oxford [u.a.]: Elsevier, 2017. accepted (ICRP Publ.)
Phantoms simulating the human body play a central role in radiation dosimetry. The first computational body phantoms have been based upon mathematical expressions describing idealised body organs. With the advent of more powerful computers in the 1980s, voxel phantoms have been developed. Being based on three-dimensional images of individuals, they offer a more realistic anatomy. Hence, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) decided to construct voxel phantoms being representative of the adult Reference Male and Reference Female for the update of organ dose coefficients. Further work on phantom development has focused on phantoms that combine the realism of patient-based voxel phantoms with the flexibility of mathematical phantoms, so-called boundary representation (BREP) phantoms. This phantom type has been chosen for the ICRP family of paediatric reference phantoms. Finally, due to the limited voxel resolution of the adult reference computational phantoms, smaller tissues, such as the eye lens, skin and micron-thick target tissues in respiratory and alimentary tract regions could not be properly segmented. In this context, ICRP Committee 2 initiated a research project with the goal of producing replica of the ICRP Publication 110 phantoms in polygon mesh format, including all source and target regions, even those with micron resolution. Boundary representation based phantoms of the fetus and the pregnant female at various stages of gestation are completing the phantoms available for radiation protection computations.
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Publication type Article: Periodical or book chapter
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0074-2740
e-ISSN 0074-2740
Journal ICRP publication
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place Oxford [u.a.]
Institute(s) Institute of Radiation Protection (ISS)