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Chrétien, D.* ; Bénit, P.* ; Ha, H.H.* ; Keipert, S. ; El-Khoury, R.* ; Chang, Y.T.* ; Jastroch, M. ; Jacobs, H.T.* ; Rustin, P.* ; Rak, M.*

Mitochondria are physiologically maintained at close to 50 °C.

PLoS Biol. 16:e2003992 (2018)
Publ. Version/Full Text Research data DOI PMC
Open Access Gold
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
In endothermic species, heat released as a product of metabolism ensures stable internal temperature throughout the organism, despite varying environmental conditions. Mitochondria are major actors in this thermogenic process. Part of the energy released by the oxidation of respiratory substrates drives ATP synthesis and metabolite transport, but a substantial proportion is released as heat. Using a temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe targeted to mitochondria, we measured mitochondrial temperature in situ under different physiological conditions. At a constant external temperature of 38 °C, mitochondria were more than 10 °C warmer when the respiratory chain (RC) was fully functional, both in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells and primary skin fibroblasts. This differential was abolished in cells depleted of mitochondrial DNA or treated with respiratory inhibitors but preserved or enhanced by expressing thermogenic enzymes, such as the alternative oxidase or the uncoupling protein 1. The activity of various RC enzymes was maximal at or slightly above 50 °C. In view of their potential consequences, these observations need to be further validated and explored by independent methods. Our study prompts a critical re-examination of the literature on mitochondria.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Subcellular Thermal-changes; Fluorescent Protein Mutant; Single-cell Thermometry; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Complex-i; Gap Issue; Thermosensors; Respiration; Expression
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1544-9173
e-ISSN 1545-7885
Journal PLoS Biology
Quellenangaben Volume: 16, Issue: 1, Pages: , Article Number: e2003992 Supplement: ,
Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publishing Place San Francisco
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes and Obesity (IDO)