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Stricker, S.H. ; Götz, M.

DNA-methylation: Master or slave of neural fate decisions?

Front. Neurosci. 12:5 (2018)
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The pristine formation of complex organs depends on sharp temporal and spatial control of gene expression. Therefore, epigenetic mechanisms have been frequently attributed a central role in controlling cell fate determination. A prime example for this is the first discovered and still most studied epigenetic mark, DNA methylation, and the development of the most complex mammalian organ, the brain. Recently, the field of epigenetics has advanced significantly: new DNA modifications were discovered, epigenomic profiling became widely accessible, and methods for targeted epigenomic manipulation have been developed. Thus, it is time to challenge established models of epigenetic gene regulation. Here, we review the current state of knowledge about DNA modifications, their epigenomic distribution, and their regulatory role. We will summarize the evidence suggesting they possess crucial roles in neurogenesis and discuss whether this likely includes lineage choice regulation or rather effects on differentiation. Finally, we will attempt an outlook on how questions, which remain unresolved, could be answered soon.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Keywords Dna Methylation ; Dna Modification ; Epigenetics ; Epigenomics ; Neurogenesis; De-novo Methylation; Gene-expression; Endogenous Retroviruses; Methyltransferase Gene; Cytosine Methylation; Nervous-system; Cpg Island; Stem-cells; Deoxyribonucleic-acid; Postnatal-development
Language english
Publication Year 2018
HGF-reported in Year 2018
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1662-453X
Journal Frontiers in Neuroscience
Quellenangaben Volume: 12, Issue: , Pages: , Article Number: 5 Supplement: ,
Publisher Frontiers
Publishing Place Lausanne
Institute(s) Institute of Stem Cell Research (ISF)
POF-Topic(s) 30204 - Cell Programming and Repair
Research field(s) Stem Cell and Neuroscience
PSP Element(s) G-500800-001
DOI 10.3389/fnins.2018.00005
WOS ID WOS:000423822300001
Scopus ID 85041859370
Erfassungsdatum 2018-06-04
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