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Differential T cell response against BK virus regulatory and structural antigens: A viral dynamics modelling approach.
PLoS Comput. Biol. 14:e1005998 (2018)
BK virus (BKV) associated nephropathy affects 1–10% of kidney transplant recipients, leading to graft failure in about 50% of cases. Immune responses against different BKV antigens have been shown to have a prognostic value for disease development. Data currently suggest that the structural antigens and regulatory antigens of BKV might each trigger a different mode of action of the immune response. To study the influence of different modes of action of the cellular immune response on BKV clearance dynamics, we have analysed the kinetics of BKV plasma load and anti-BKV T cell response (Elispot) in six patients with BKV associated nephropathy using ODE modelling. The results show that only a small number of hypotheses on the mode of action are compatible with the empirical data. The hypothesis with the highest empirical support is that structural antigens trigger blocking of virus production from infected cells, whereas regulatory antigens trigger an acceleration of death of infected cells. These differential modes of action could be important for our understanding of BKV resolution, as according to the hypothesis, only regulatory antigens would trigger a fast and continuous clearance of the viral load. Other hypotheses showed a lower degree of empirical support, but could potentially explain the clearing mechanisms of individual patients. Our results highlight the heterogeneity of the dynamics, including the delay between immune response against structural versus regulatory antigens, and its relevance for BKV clearance. Our modelling approach is the first that studies the process of BKV clearance by bringing together viral and immune kinetics and can provide a framework for personalised hypotheses generation on the interrelations between cellular immunity and viral dynamics.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Pml Nuclear-bodies; Monoclonal-antibodies; E1b-55k Oncoprotein; Messenger-rna; E3 Ligase; Dependent Degradation; 55-kilodalton Protein; Transformed-cells; Cellular-proteins; E1b55k Proteins
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1553-734X
e-ISSN
1553-7358
Journal
PLoS Computational Biology
Quellenangaben
Volume: 14,
Issue: 5,
Article Number: e1005998
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publishing Place
1752 N St Nw, Washington, Dc 20036-2904 Usa
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Environmental Medicine (IEM)