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Regulation of T follicular helper cells in islet autoimmunity.
Front. Immunol. 9:1729 (2018)
T follicular helper (TFH) cells are an integral part of humoral immunity by providing help to B cells to produce high-affinity antibodies. The TFH precursor compartment circulates in the blood and TFH cell dysregulation is implied in various autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes (T1D). Symptomatic T1D is preceded by a preclinical phase (indicated by the presence of islet autoantibodies) with a highly variable progression time to the symptomatic disease. This heterogeneity points toward differences in immune activation in children with a fast versus slow progressor phenotype. In the context of T1D, previous studies on TFH cells have mainly focused on the clinically active state of the disease. In this review article, we aim to specifically discuss recent insights on TFH cells in human islet autoimmunity before the onset of symptomatic T1D. Furthermore, we will highlight advances in the field of TFH differentiation and function during human islet autoimmunity. Specifically, we will focus on the regulation of TFH cells by microRNAs (miRNAs), as well as on the potential use of miRNAs as biomarkers to predict disease progression time and as future drug targets to interfere with autoimmune activation.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Islet Autoimmunity ; Krueppel-like Factor 2 ; Microrna92a ; T Follicular Helper Cells ; Type 1 Diabetes
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1664-3224
e-ISSN
1664-3224
Journal
Frontiers in Immunology
Quellenangaben
Volume: 9,
Article Number: 1729
Publisher
Frontiers
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology (TDI)