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Mayer, D. ; Mithöfer, A.* ; Glawischnig, E.* ; Georgii, E. ; Ghirardo, A. ; Kanawati, B. ; Schmitt-Kopplin, P. ; Schnitzler, J.-P. ; Durner, J. ; Gaupels, F.

Short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide provides basal pathogen resistance.

Plant Physiol. 178, 468-487 (2018)
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Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) forms in plants under stress conditions, but little is known about its physiological functions. Here, we explored the physiological functions of NO2in plant cells using short-term fumigation of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) for 1 h with 10 µL L−1NO2.Although leaf symptoms were absent, the expression of genes related to pathogen resistance was induced. Fumigated plants developed basal disease resistance, or pattern-triggered immunity, against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and the hemibiotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. Functional salicylic acid and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways were both required for the full expression of NO2-induced resistance against B. cinerea. An early peak of salicylic acid accumulation immediately after NO2exposure was followed by a transient accumulation of oxophytodienoic acid. The simultaneous NO2-induced expression of genes involved in jasmonate biosynthesis and jasmonate catabolism resulted in the complete suppression of JA and JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile) accumulation, which was accompanied by a rise in the levels of their catabolic intermediates 12-OH-JA, 12-OH-JA-Ile, and 12-COOH-JA-Ile. NO2-treated plants emitted the volatile monoterpene α-pinene and the sesquiterpene longifolene (syn. junipene), which could function in signaling or direct defense against pathogens. NO2-triggered B. cinerea resistance was dependent on enhanced early callose deposition and CYTOCHROME P450 79B2 (CYP79B2), CYP79B3, and PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3 gene functions but independent of camalexin, CYP81F2, and 4-OH-indol-3-ylmethylgluco-sinolate derivatives. In sum, exogenous NO2triggers basal pathogen resistance, pointing to a possible role for endogenous NO2in defense signaling. Additionally, this study revealed the involvement of jasmonate catabolism and volatiles in pathogen immunity.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Protein-tyrosine Nitration; Salicylic-acid; Plant Defense; Arabidopsis-thaliana; Nitric-oxide; Disease Resistance; Callose Deposition; Powdery Mildew; Jasmonic Acid; Camalexin Biosynthesis
Language
Publication Year 2018
HGF-reported in Year 2018
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0032-0889
e-ISSN 1532-2548
Journal Plant Physiology
Quellenangaben Volume: 178, Issue: 1, Pages: 468-487 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher American Society of Plant Biologists (ASPB)
Publishing Place 15501 Monona Drive, Rockville, Md 20855 Usa
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Research Unit Environmental Simulation (EUS)
Research Unit BioGeoChemistry and Analytics (BGC)
POF-Topic(s) 30202 - Environmental Health
Research field(s) Environmental Sciences
PSP Element(s) G-504900-002
G-504911-001
G-504800-001
DOI 10.1104/pp.18.00704
WOS ID WOS:000444004100036
Scopus ID 85054598750
PubMed ID 30076223
Erfassungsdatum 2018-09-11
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