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Schmidt, D.* ; Wilson, M.D.* ; Ballester, B.* ; Schwalie, P.C.* ; Brown, G.D.* ; Marshall, A.* ; Kutter, C.* ; Watt, S.* ; Martinez Jimenez, C.P. ; Mackay, S.* ; Talianidis, I.* ; Flicek, P.* ; Odom, D.T.*

Five-vertebrate ChIP-seq reveals the evolutionary dynamics of transcription factor binding.

Science 328, 1036-1040 (2010)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Transcription factors (TFs) direct gene expression by binding to DNA regulatory regions. To explore the evolution of gene regulation, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) to determine experimentally the genome-wide occupancy of two TFs, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha, in the livers of five vertebrates. Although each TF displays highly conserved DNA binding preferences, most binding is species-specific, and aligned binding events present in all five species are rare. Regions near genes with expression levels that are dependent on a TF are often bound by the TF in multiple species yet show no enhanced DNA sequence constraint. Binding divergence between species can be largely explained by sequence changes to the bound motifs. Among the binding events lost in one lineage, only half are recovered by another binding event within 10 kilobases. Our results reveal large interspecies differences in transcriptional regulation and provide insight into regulatory evolution.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Corresponding Author
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0036-8075
e-ISSN 1095-9203
Journal Science
Quellenangaben Volume: 328, Issue: 5981, Pages: 1036-1040 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Helmholtz Pioneer Campus (HPC)