PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München

Willmann, C. ; Heni, M. ; Linder, K. ; Wagner, R. ; Stefan, N. ; Machann, J. ; Schulze, M.B. ; Joost, H.G.* ; Häring, H.-U. ; Fritsche, A.

Potential effects of reduced red meat compared with increased fiber intake on glucose metabolism and liver fat content: A randomized and controlled dietary intervention study.

Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 109, 288-296 (2019)
Publ. Version/Full Text Research data DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that an increased red meat intake is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas an increased fiber intake is associated with a lower risk.Objectives: We conducted an intervention study to investigate the effects of these nutritional factors on glucose and lipid metabolism, body-fat distribution, and liver fat content in subjects at increased risk of type 2 diabetes.Methods: This prospective, randomized, and controlled dietary intervention study was performed over 6 mo. All groups decreased their daily caloric intake by 400 kcal. The "control" group (N = 40) only had this requirement. The "no red meat" group (N = 48) in addition aimed to avoid the intake of red meat, and the "fiber" group (N = 44) increased intake of fibers to 40 g/d. Anthropometric parameters and frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance tests were performed before and after intervention. Body-fat mass and distribution, liver fat, and liver iron content were assessed by MRI and single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Results: Participants in all groups lost weight (mean 3.3 +/- 0.5 kg, P < 0.0001). Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity improved (P < 0.001), and body and visceral fat mass decreased in all groups (P < 0.001). These changes did not differ between groups. Liver fat content decreased significantly (P < 0.001) with no differences between the groups. The decrease in liver fat correlated with the decrease in ferritin during intervention (r(2) = 0.08, P = 0.0021). This association was confirmed in an independent lifestyle intervention study (Tuebingen Lifestyle Intervention Program, N = 229, P = 0.0084).Conclusions: Our data indicate that caloric restriction leads to a marked improvement in glucose metabolism and body-fat composition, including liver-fat content. The marked reduction in liver fat might be mediated via changes in ferritin levels. In the context of caloric restriction, there seems to be no additional beneficial impact of reduced red meat intake and increased fiber intake on the improvement in cardiometabolic risk parameters. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03231839.
Altmetric
Additional Metrics?
[➜Log in]
Edit extra informations Login
Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Type 2 Diabetes ; Prevention ; Randomized Controlled Intervention Study ; Nutritional Factors ; Fiber ; Red Meat; Life-style Intervention; Insulin Sensitivity; Cardiovascular-disease; Mediterranean Diet; Cereal Fiber; Overweight; Prevention; Consumption; Healthy; Weight
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0002-9165
e-ISSN 1938-3207
Journal American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Quellenangaben Volume: 109, Issue: 2, Pages: 288-296 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher American Society for Nutrition
Publishing Place Great Clarendon St, Oxford Ox2 6dp, England
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM)