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Sillner, N. ; Walker, A. ; Hemmler, D. ; Bazanella, M.* ; Heinzmann, S.S. ; Haller, D.* ; Schmitt-Kopplin, P.

Milk-derived amadori products in feces of formula-fed infants.

J. Agric. Food Chem. 67, 8061-8069 (2019)
Postprint DOI PMC
Open Access Green
Food processing of infant formula alters chemical structures, including the formation of Maillard reaction products between proteins and sugars. We detected early Maillard reaction products, so-called Amadori products, in stool samples of formula-fed infants. In total, four Amadori products (N-deoxylactulosyllysine, N-deoxyfructosyllysine, N-deoxylactulosylleucylisoleucine, N-deoxyfructosylleucylisoleucine) were identified by a combination of complementary nontargeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. Chemical structures were confirmed by preparation and isolation of reference compounds, LC-MS/MS, and NMR. The leucylisoleucine Amadori compounds, which most likely originate from beta-lactoglobulin, were excreted throughout the first year of life in feces of formula-fed infants but were absent in feces of breastfed infants. Despite high inter- and intraindividual differences of Amadori products in the infants' stool, solid food introduction resulted in a continuous decrease, proving infant formula as the major source of the excreted Amadori products.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Amadori Products ; Maillard Reaction ; Metabolomics ; Infant Formula ; Milk Marker ; Fructosyllysine; Maillard Reaction-products; Caco-2 Cell Monolayers; Beta-lactoglobulin; Transepithelial Flux; Metabolic Transit; Processed Milk; Amino-acid; Glycation; Protein; Lysinoalanine
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0021-8561
e-ISSN 1520-5118
Journal Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Quellenangaben Volume: 67, Issue: 28, Pages: 8061-8069 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher American Chemical Society (ACS)
Publishing Place 1155 16th St, Nw, Washington, Dc 20036 Usa
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BGC)