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Malnutrition and related risk factors in older adults from different health-care settings: an enable study.
Public Health Nutr. 23, 446-456 (2020)
Objective: The origin of malnutrition in older age is multifactorial and risk factors may vary according to health and living situation. The present study aimed to identify setting-specific risk profiles of malnutrition in older adults and to investigate the association of the number of individual risk factors with malnutrition. Design: Data of four cross-sectional studies were harmonized and uniformly analysed. Malnutrition was defined as BMI < 20 kg/m(2) and/or weight loss of >3 kg in the previous 3-6 months. Associations between factors of six domains (demographics, health, mental function, physical function, dietary intake-related problems, dietary behaviour), the number of individual risk factors and malnutrition were analysed using logistic regression. Setting: Community (CD), geriatric day hospital (GDH), home care (HC), nursing home (NH). Participants: CD older adults (n 1073), GDH patients (n 180), HC receivers (n 335) and NH residents (n 197), all >= 65 years. Results: Malnutrition prevalence was lower in CD (11 %) than in the other settings (16-19 %). In the CD sample, poor appetite, difficulties with eating, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases were associated with malnutrition; in GDH patients, poor appetite and respiratory diseases; in HC receivers, younger age, poor appetite and nausea; and in NH residents, older age and mobility limitations. In all settings the likelihood of malnutrition increased with the number of potential individual risk factors. Conclusions: The study indicates a varying relevance of certain risk factors of malnutrition in different settings. However, the relationship of the number of individual risk factors with malnutrition in all settings implies comprehensive approaches to identify persons at risk of malnutrition early.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Malnutrition ; Risk Factor ; Older People ; Setting; Nursing-home Patients; Assessment Short-form; Weight-loss; Nutritional Situation; Community; Undernutrition; Prevalence; Mortality; Energy; Questionnaire
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1368-9800
e-ISSN
1475-2727
Journal
Public Health Nutrition
Quellenangaben
Volume: 23,
Issue: 3,
Pages: 446-456
Publisher
Cambridge Univ. Press
Publishing Place
Edinburgh Bldg, Shaftesbury Rd, Cb2 8ru Cambridge, England
Non-patent literature
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Reviewing status
Peer reviewed