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Eriksson, O.* ; Velikyan, I.* ; Haack, T.* ; Bossart, M.* ; Evers, A.* ; Laitinen, I.* ; Larsen, P.J.* ; Plettenburg, O. ; Takano, A.* ; Halldin, C.* ; Antoni, G.* ; Johansson, L.* ; Pierrou, S.* ; Wagner, M.*

Assessment of glucagon receptor occupancy by Positron Emission Tomography in non-human primates.

Sci. Rep. 9:14960 (2019)

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The glucagon receptor (GCGR) is an emerging target in anti-diabetic therapy. Reliable biomarkers for in vivo activity on the GCGR, in the setting of dual glucagon-like peptide 1/glucagon (GLP-1/GCG) receptor agonism, are currently unavailable. Here, we investigated [Ga-68]Ga-DO3A-S01-GCG as a biomarker for GCGR occupancy in liver, the tissue with highest GCGR expression, in non-human primates (NHP) by PET. [Ga-68]Ga-DO3A-S01-GCG was evaluated by dynamic PET in NHPs by a dose escalation study design, where up to 67 mu g/kg DO3A-S01-GCG peptide mass was co-injected. The test-retest reproducibility of [Ga-68]Ga-DO3A-S01-GCG binding in liver was evaluated. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of pre-treatment with acylated glucagon agonist 1-GCG on [Ga-68]GaDO3A-S01-GCG binding in liver. [Ga-68]Ga-DO3A-S01-GCG bound to liver in vivo in a dose-dependent manner. Negligible peptide mass effect was observed for DO3A-S01-GCG doses <0.2 mu g/kg. In vivo K-d for [Ga-68]Ga-DO3A-S01-GCG corresponded to 0.7 mu g/kg, which indicates high potency. The test-retest reproducibility for [Ga-68]Ga-DO3A-S01-GCG binding in liver was 5.7 +/- 7.9%. Pre-treatment with 1-GCG, an acylated glucagon agonist, resulted in a GCGR occupancy of 61.5 +/- 9.1% in liver. Predicted human radiation dosimetry would allow for repeated annual [Ga-68]Ga-DO3A-S01-GCG PET examinations. In summary, PET radioligand [Ga-68]Ga-DO3A-S01-GCG is a quantitative biomarker of in vivo GCGR occupancy.

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