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DNA methylation dynamics at transposable elements in mammals.
Essays Biochem. 63, 677-689 (2019)
Transposable elements dominate the mammalian genome, but their contribution to genetic and epigenetic regulation has been largely overlooked. This was in part due to technical limitations, which made the study of repetitive sequences at single copy resolution difficult. The advancement of next-generation sequencing assays in the last decade has greatly enhanced our understanding of transposable element function. In some instances, specific transposable elements are thought to have been co-opted into regulatory roles during both mouse and human development, while in disease such regulatory potential can contribute to malignancy. DNA methylation is arguably the best characterised regulator of transposable element activity. DNA methylation is associated with transposable element repression, and acts to limit their genotoxic potential. In specific developmental contexts, erasure of DNA methylation is associated with a burst of transposable element expression. Developmental regulation of DNA methylation enables transposon activation, ensuring their survival and propagation throughout the host genome, and also allows the host access to regulatory sequences encoded within the elements. Here I discuss DNA methylation at transposable elements, describing its function and dynamic regulation throughout murine and human development.
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Scopus SNIP
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Times Cited
Times Cited
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4.845
0.930
10
22
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Epigenetic Reprogramming ; Methylation ; Transposons; Male Germ-cells; Endogenous Retroviruses; Retrotransposable Elements; Infectious Progenitor; L1 Retrotransposon; Genome Activation; Line-1; Transcription; 5-methylcytosine; Expression
Language
english
Publication Year
2019
HGF-reported in Year
2019
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0071-1365
e-ISSN
1744-1358
Journal
Essays in Biochemistry
Quellenangaben
Volume: 63,
Issue: 6,
Pages: 677-689
Publisher
Portland Press
Publishing Place
London
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells (IES)
POF-Topic(s)
30204 - Cell Programming and Repair
Research field(s)
Stem Cell and Neuroscience
PSP Element(s)
G-506200-001
WOS ID
WOS:000512329800004
Scopus ID
85077107748
PubMed ID
31654072
Erfassungsdatum
2020-01-27