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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
The role of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Sci. Transl. Med. 3:87ra53 (2011)
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, dysregulated response to alveolar injury that culminates in compromised lung function from excess extracellular matrix production. Associated with high morbidity and mortality, IPF is generally refractory to current pharmacological therapies. We examined fibrotic lungs from mice and from patients with IPF and detected increased expression of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases (DDAHs)--key enzymes that metabolize asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), which is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, to form l-citrulline and dimethylamine. DDAHs are up-regulated in primary alveolar epithelial type II cells from these mice and patients where they are colocalized with inducible nitric oxide synthase. In cultured alveolar epithelial type II cells from bleomycin-induced fibrotic mouse lungs, inhibition of DDAH suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis in an ADMA-dependent manner. In addition, DDAH inhibition reduced collagen production by fibroblasts in an ADMA-independent but transforming growth factor/SMAD-dependent manner. In mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the DDAH inhibitor L-291 reduced collagen deposition and normalized lung function. In bleomycin-induced fibrosis, inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibition decreased fibrosis, but an even stronger reduction was observed after inhibition of DDAH. Thus, DDAH inhibition reduces fibroblast-induced collagen deposition in an ADMA-independent manner and reduces abnormal epithelial proliferation in an ADMA-dependent manner, offering a possible therapeutic avenue for attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
nitric-oxide synthesis; placebo-controlled trial; asymmetric dimethylarginine; endothelial-cells; wound repair; bleomycin; mechanisms; expression; synthase; pathway
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1946-6234
e-ISSN
1946-6242
Journal
Science Translational Medicine
Quellenangaben
Volume: 3,
Issue: 87,
Article Number: 87ra53
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Publishing Place
Washington, DC, USA
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI)