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Khaloian, S.* ; Rath, E.* ; Hammoudi, N.* ; Gleisinger, E.* ; Blutke, A. ; Giesbertz, P.* ; Berger, E.* ; Metwaly, A.* ; Waldschmitt, N.* ; Allez, M.* ; Haller, D.*

Mitochondrial impairment drives intestinal stem cell transition into dysfunctional Paneth cells predicting Crohn's disease recurrence.

Gut 69, 1939-1951 (2020)

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Objective Reduced Paneth cell (PC) numbers are observed in inflammatory bowel diseases and impaired PC function contributes to the ileal pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). PCs reside in proximity to Lgr5(+) intestinal stem cells (ISC) and mitochondria are critical for ISC-renewal and differentiation. Here, we characterise ISC and PC appearance under inflammatory conditions and describe the role of mitochondrial function for ISC niche-maintenance.Design Ileal tissue samples from patients with CD, mouse models for mitochondrial dysfunction (Hsp60(Delta/Delta ISC)) and CD-like ileitis (TNF Delta ARE), and intestinal organoids were used to characterise PCs and ISCs in relation to mitochondrial function.Results In patients with CD and TNF Delta ARE mice, inflammation correlated with reduced numbers of Lysozyme-positive granules in PCs and decreased Lgr5 expression in crypt regions. Disease-associated changes in PC and ISC appearance persisted in non-inflamed tissue regions of patients with CD and predicted the risk of disease recurrence after surgical resection. ISC-specific deletion of Hsp60 and inhibition of mitochondrial respiration linked mitochondrial function to the aberrant PC phenotype. Consistent with reduced stemness in vivo, crypts from inflamed TNF Delta ARE mice fail to grow into organoids ex vivo. Dichloroacetate-mediated inhibition of glycolysis, forcing cells to shift to mitochondrial respiration, improved ISC niche function and rescued the ability of TNF Delta ARE mice-derived crypts to form organoids.Conclusion We provide evidence that inflammation-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in the intestinal epithelium triggers a metabolic imbalance, causing reduced stemness and acquisition of a dysfunctional PC phenotype. Blocking glycolysis might be a novel drug target to antagonise PC dysfunction in the pathogenesis of CD.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Crohn's Disease ; Energy Metabolism ; Inflammatory Bowel Disease ; Intestinal Epithelium ; Intestinal Stem Cell; Inflammatory-bowel-disease; Ulcerative-colitis; Autophagy; Association; Population; Inhibition; Metabolism; Induction; Ablation; Hypoxia

ISSN (print) / ISBN 0017-5749

e-ISSN 1468-3288

Journal Gut (eGut)

Quellenangaben Volume: 69, Issue: 11, Pages: 1939-1951

Publisher BMJ Publishing Group

Publishing Place British Med Assoc House, Tavistock Square, London Wc1h 9jr, England

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Research Unit Analytical Pathology (AAP)

Grants Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research foundation)
Helmsley Cheritable Trust (IBDOT)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) SFB 1371