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Induction of the nicotinamide riboside kinase NAD+ salvage pathway in a model of sarcoplasmic reticulum dysfunction.
Skelet. Muscle 10:5 (2020)
Background Hexose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (H6PD) is a generator of NADPH in the Endoplasmic/Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (ER/SR). Interaction of H6PD with 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 provides NADPH to support oxo-reduction of inactive to active glucocorticoids, but the wider understanding of H6PD in ER/SR NAD(P)(H) homeostasis is incomplete. Lack of H6PD results in a deteriorating skeletal myopathy, altered glucose homeostasis, ER stress and activation of the unfolded protein response. Here we further assess muscle responses to H6PD deficiency to delineate pathways that may underpin myopathy and link SR redox status to muscle wide metabolic adaptation. Methods We analysed skeletal muscle from H6PD knockout (H6PDKO), H6PD and NRK2 double knockout (DKO) and wild-type (WT) mice. H6PDKO mice were supplemented with the NAD(+) precursor nicotinamide riboside. Skeletal muscle samples were subjected to biochemical analysis including NAD(H) measurement, LC-MS based metabolomics, Western blotting, and high resolution mitochondrial respirometry. Genetic and supplement models were assessed for degree of myopathy compared to H6PDKO. Results H6PDKO skeletal muscle showed adaptations in the routes regulating nicotinamide and NAD(+) biosynthesis, with significant activation of the Nicotinamide Riboside Kinase 2 (NRK2) pathway. Associated with changes in NAD(+) biosynthesis, H6PDKO muscle had impaired mitochondrial respiratory capacity with altered mitochondrial acylcarnitine and acetyl-CoA metabolism. Boosting NAD(+) levels through the NRK2 pathway using the precursor nicotinamide riboside elevated NAD(+)/NADH but had no effect to mitigate ER stress and dysfunctional mitochondrial respiratory capacity or acetyl-CoA metabolism. Similarly, H6PDKO/NRK2 double KO mice did not display an exaggerated timing or severity of myopathy or overt change in mitochondrial metabolism despite depression of NAD(+) availability. Conclusions These findings suggest a complex metabolic response to changes in muscle SR NADP(H) redox status that result in impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism and activation of cellular NAD(+) salvage pathways. It is possible that SR can sense and signal perturbation in NAD(P)(H) that cannot be rectified in the absence of H6PD. Whether NRK2 pathway activation is a direct response to changes in SR NAD(P)(H) availability or adaptation to deficits in metabolic energy availability remains to be resolved.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Hexose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase ; Endoplasmic ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ; Skeletal Muscle ; Nicotinamide Riboside ; Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide; 11-beta-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type-1; Hexose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase; Acetyl-coa; Mitochondrial; Mice; Mononucleotide; Homeostasis; Metabolism; Roles; Abnormalities
Language
english
Publication Year
2020
HGF-reported in Year
2020
ISSN (print) / ISBN
2044-5040
Journal
Skeletal muscle
Quellenangaben
Volume: 10,
Issue: 1,
Article Number: 5
Publisher
BioMed Central
Publishing Place
London
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Molekulare Endokrinologie und Metabolismus (MEM)
POF-Topic(s)
30201 - Metabolic Health
Research field(s)
Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP Element(s)
G-505600-003
WOS ID
WOS:000517202900001
Scopus ID
85079774681
PubMed ID
32075690
Erfassungsdatum
2020-04-21