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Stefan, N.

Metabolically healthy and unhealthy normal weight and obesity.

Endocrinol. Metab. 35, 487–493 (2020)
Publ. Version/Full Text DOI PMC
Open Access Gold
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
Increased fat mass is an established risk factor for the cardiometabolic diseases type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is associated with increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. However, also very low fat mass associates with such an increased risk. Whether impaired metabolic health, characterized by hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and subclinical inflammation, may explain part of the elevated risk of cardiometabolic diseases that is found in many subjects with very low fat mass, as it does in many obese subjects, is unknown. An important pathomechanism of impaired metabolic health is disproportionate fat distribution. In this article the risk of cardiometabolic diseases and mortality in subjects with metabolically healthy and unhealthy normal weight and obesity is summarized. Furthermore, the change of metabolic health during a longer period of follow-up and its impact on cardiometabolic diseases is being discussed. Finally, the implementation of the concept of metabolic health in daily clinical practice is being highlighted.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Corresponding Author
Keywords Fatty Liver ; Insulin Resistance ; Metabolic Health ; Normal Weight ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Subclinical Inflammation; All-cause; Fetuin-a; Disease; Risk; Overweight; Consequences; Association; Phenotypes; Mortality; Genetics
ISSN (print) / ISBN 2093-596X
e-ISSN 2093-5978
Journal Endocrinology and Metabolism
Quellenangaben Volume: 35, Issue: 3, Pages: 487–493 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Korean Endocrine Society
Publishing Place Seoul
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM)
Grants German Federal Ministry of Education and Research to the German Centre of Diabetes Researc