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Morgenstern, J.* ; Campos, M.C.* ; Nawroth, P.P. ; Fleming, T.*

The glyoxalase system—new insights into an ancient metabolism.

Antioxidants 9:939 (2020)
Publ. Version/Full Text DOI PMC
Open Access Gold
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
The glyoxalase system was discovered over a hundred years ago and since then it has been claimed to provide the role of an indispensable enzyme system in order to protect cells from a toxic byproduct of glycolysis. This review gives a broad overview of what has been postulated in the last 30 years of glyoxalase research, but within this context it also challenges the concept that the glyoxalase system is an exclusive tool of detoxification and that its substrate, methylglyoxal, is solely a detrimental burden for every living cell due to its toxicity. An overview of consequences of a complete loss of the glyoxalase system in various model organisms is presented with an emphasis on the role of alternative detoxification pathways of methylglyoxal. Furthermore, this review focuses on the overlooked posttranslational modification of Glyoxalase 1 and its possible implications for cellular maintenance under various (patho-)physiological conditions. As a final note, an intriguing point of view for the substrate methylglyoxal is offered, the concept of methylglyoxal (MG)-mediated hormesis.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Corresponding Author
Keywords Glyoxalase 1 ; Methylglyoxal ; Glycation; Advanced Glycation Endproducts; Aldose Reductase; Proteomic Analysis; End-products; Methylglyoxal; Cells; Hormesis; Proteins; Phosphorylation; Overexpression
ISSN (print) / ISBN 2076-3921
e-ISSN 2076-3921
Journal Antioxidants
Quellenangaben Volume: 9, Issue: 10, Pages: , Article Number: 939 Supplement: ,
Publisher MDPI
Publishing Place St Alban-anlage 66, Ch-4052 Basel, Switzerland
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)
Grants Deutsche Zentrum fur Diabetesforschung (DZD)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)