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The glyoxalase system—new insights into an ancient metabolism.
Antioxidants 9:939 (2020)
The glyoxalase system was discovered over a hundred years ago and since then it has been claimed to provide the role of an indispensable enzyme system in order to protect cells from a toxic byproduct of glycolysis. This review gives a broad overview of what has been postulated in the last 30 years of glyoxalase research, but within this context it also challenges the concept that the glyoxalase system is an exclusive tool of detoxification and that its substrate, methylglyoxal, is solely a detrimental burden for every living cell due to its toxicity. An overview of consequences of a complete loss of the glyoxalase system in various model organisms is presented with an emphasis on the role of alternative detoxification pathways of methylglyoxal. Furthermore, this review focuses on the overlooked posttranslational modification of Glyoxalase 1 and its possible implications for cellular maintenance under various (patho-)physiological conditions. As a final note, an intriguing point of view for the substrate methylglyoxal is offered, the concept of methylglyoxal (MG)-mediated hormesis.
Impact Factor
Scopus SNIP
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Times Cited
Times Cited
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Cited By
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5.014
0.000
3
15
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Glyoxalase 1 ; Methylglyoxal ; Glycation; Advanced Glycation Endproducts; Aldose Reductase; Proteomic Analysis; End-products; Methylglyoxal; Cells; Hormesis; Proteins; Phosphorylation; Overexpression
Language
english
Publication Year
2020
HGF-reported in Year
2020
ISSN (print) / ISBN
2076-3921
e-ISSN
2076-3921
Journal
Antioxidants
Quellenangaben
Volume: 9,
Issue: 10,
Article Number: 939
Publisher
MDPI
Publishing Place
St Alban-anlage 66, Ch-4052 Basel, Switzerland
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)
POF-Topic(s)
90000 - German Center for Diabetes Research
Research field(s)
Helmholtz Diabetes Center
PSP Element(s)
G-501900-251
Grants
Deutsche Zentrum fur Diabetesforschung (DZD)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
WOS ID
WOS:000584077200001
Scopus ID
85091913036
PubMed ID
33019494
Erfassungsdatum
2020-11-11