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Fischer, F.* ; Romero, R.* ; Hellhund, A.* ; Linne, U.* ; Bertrams, W.* ; Pinkenburg, O.* ; Eldin, H.S.* ; Binder, K.* ; Jacob, R.* ; Walker, A. ; Stecher, B.* ; Basic, M.* ; Luu, M.* ; Mahdavi, R.* ; Heintz-Buschart, A.* ; Visekruna, A.* ; Steinhoff, U.*

Dietary cellulose induces anti-inflammatory immunity and transcriptional programs via maturation of the intestinal microbiota.

Gut Microbes 12, 1-17 (2020)

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	Open Access Gold

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Although it is generally accepted that dietary fiber is health promoting, the underlying immunological and molecular mechanisms are not well defined, especially with respect to cellulose, the most ubiquitous dietary fiber. Here, the impact of dietary cellulose on intestinal microbiota, immune responses and gene expression in health and disease was examined. Lack of dietary cellulose disrupted the age-related diversification of the intestinal microbiota, which subsequently remained in an immature state. Interestingly, one of the most affected microbial genera was Alistipes which is equipped with enzymes to degrade cellulose. Absence of cellulose changed the microbial metabolome, skewed intestinal immune responses toward inflammation, altered the gene expression of intestinal epithelial cells and mice showed increased sensitivity to colitis induction. In contrast, mice with a defined microbiota including A. finegoldii showed enhanced colonic expression of intestinal IL-22 and Reg3 gamma restoring intestinal barrier function. This study supports the epidemiological observations and adds a causal explanation for the health promoting effects of the most common biopolymer on earth.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Cellulose ; Insoluble Fiber ; Microbiota Maturation ; Microbial Diversity ; Bile Acids ; Mucosal Homeostasis ; Inflammation ; Alistipes ; Reg3γ ; Il-22; Gut; Inflammation; Bacteria; Health; Host; Microflora; Succession; Nutrition; Dysbiosis; Profiles

ISSN (print) / ISBN 1949-0976

e-ISSN 1949-0984

Journal Gut Microbes

Quellenangaben Volume: 12, Issue: 1, Pages: 1-17

Publisher Landes Bioscience

Publishing Place 530 Walnut Street, Ste 850, Philadelphia, Pa 19106 Usa

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BGC)

Grants LOEWE Center DRUID
DFG
von Behring Rontgen Stiftung
Jurgen Manchot Stiftung