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Conte, F.* ; Morava, E.* ; Bakar, N.A.* ; Wortmann, S.B. ; Poerink, A.J.* ; Grunewald, S.* ; Crushell, E.* ; Al-Gazali, L.* ; de Vries, M.C.* ; Mørkrid, L.* ; Hertecant, J.* ; Brocke Holmefjord, K.S.* ; Kronn, D.* ; Feigenbaum, A.* ; Fingerhut, R.* ; Wong, S.Y.* ; van Scherpenzeel, M.* ; Voermans, N.C.* ; Lefeber, D.J.*

Phosphoglucomutase-1 deficiency: Early presentation, metabolic management and detection in neonatal blood spots.

Mol. Genet. Metab. 131, 135-146 (2020)

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Phosphoglucomutase 1 deficiency is a congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) with multiorgan involvement affecting carbohydrate metabolism, N-glycosylation and energy production. The metabolic management consists of dietary D-galactose supplementation that ameliorates hypoglycemia, hepatic dysfunction, endocrine anomalies and growth delay. Previous studies suggest that D-galactose administration in juvenile patients leads to more significant and long-lasting effects, stressing the urge of neonatal diagnosis (0–6 months of age). Here, we detail the early clinical presentation of PGM1-CDG in eleven infantile patients, and applied the modified Beutler test for screening of PGM1-CDG in neonatal dried blood spots (DBSs). All eleven infants presented episodic hypoglycemia and elevated transaminases, along with cleft palate and growth delay (10/11), muscle involvement (8/11), neurologic involvement (5/11), cardiac defects (2/11). Standard dietary measures for suspected lactose intolerance in four patients prior to diagnosis led to worsening of hypoglycemia, hepatic failure and recurrent diarrhea, which resolved upon D-galactose supplementation. To investigate possible differences in early vs. late clinical presentation, we performed the first systematic literature review for PGM1-CDG, which highlighted respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms as significantly more diagnosed in neonatal age. The modified Butler-test successfully identified PGM1-CDG in DBSs from seven patients, including for the first time Guthrie cards from newborn screening, confirming the possibility of future inclusion of PGM1-CDG in neonatal screening programs. In conclusion, severe infantile morbidity of PGM1-CDG due to delayed diagnosis could be prevented by raising awareness on its early presentation and by inclusion in newborn screening programs, enabling early treatments and galactose-based metabolic management.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Congenital Disorder Of Glycosylation ; Dilated Cardiomyopathy ; Exercise Intolerance ; Galactose ; Hypoglycemia ; Pgm1; Glycogen-storage-disease; Galactose Supplementation; Muscle Glycogenosis; Congenital Disorder; Phenotype; Exercise; Gene

ISSN (print) / ISBN 1096-7192

e-ISSN 1096-7192

Journal Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

Quellenangaben Volume: 131, Issue: 1-2, Pages: 135-146

Publisher Elsevier

Publishing Place 525 B St, Ste 1900, San Diego, Ca 92101-4495 Usa

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute of Human Genetics (IHG)

Grants U54 FP00100950
LaCATS
Hayward Trustees
Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (ZONMW)
Prinses Beatrix Spierfonds