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miRNA-mediated immune regulation in islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes.
Front. Endocrin. 11:606322 (2020)
The important role of microRNAs as major modulators of various physiological processes, including immune regulation and homeostasis, has been increasingly recognized. Consequently, aberrant miRNA expression contributes to the defective regulation of T cell development, differentiation, and function. This can result in immune activation and impaired tolerance mechanisms, which exert a cardinal function for the onset of islet autoimmunity and the progression to T1D. The specific impact of miRNAs for immune regulation and how miRNAs and their downstream targets are involved in the pathogenesis of islet autoimmunity and T1D has been investigated recently. These studies revealed that increased expression of individual miRNAs is involved in several layers of tolerance impairments, such as inefficient Treg induction and Treg instability. The targeted modulation of miRNAs using specific inhibitors, resulting in improved immune homeostasis, as well as improved methods for the targeting of miRNAs, suggest that miRNAs, especially in T cells, are a promising target for the reestablishment of immune tolerance.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Biomarker ; Immune Regulation ; Islet Autoimmunity ; Mirna ; Regulatory T Cell ; Type 1 Diabetes; Blood Mononuclear-cells; Helper T-cells; Foxp3 Expression; Decreased Expression; Mir-155 Contributes; Protein Expression; Cutting Edge; Target Genes; Microrna; Beta
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1664-2392
e-ISSN
1664-2392
Journal
Frontiers in Endocrinology
Quellenangaben
Volume: 11,
Article Number: 606322
Publisher
Frontiers
Publishing Place
Lausanne
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology (TDI)
Grants
Excellence Program for Outstanding Female Scientists from the Helmholtz Association
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)
Research Group at Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)
Research Group at Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen